New Indications for Endoscopic Radiofrequency Ablation Thomas R. McCarty, Tarun Rustagi  Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology  Volume 16, Issue 7, Pages 1007-1017 (July 2018) DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2017.10.023 Copyright © 2018 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 (A) A representative photograph of the classic watermelon appearance of gastric antral vascular ectasia. (B) Gastric mucosa after 1 application of the HALO-90 ULTRA ablation catheter. (C) Gastric mucosa after complete ablation with the HALO-90 ULTRA ablation catheter. Figure included with permission from Elsevier Publishing. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2018 16, 1007-1017DOI: (10.1016/j.cgh.2017.10.023) Copyright © 2018 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 (A) Hemorrhagic CRP with active bleeding before RFA. (B) Two weeks after RFA. (C) Four weeks after RFA. (D) Eight weeks after RFA. (E) Twelve weeks after RFA. (F) Sixteen weeks after RFA. Figure included with permission from Elsevier Publishing. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2018 16, 1007-1017DOI: (10.1016/j.cgh.2017.10.023) Copyright © 2018 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Habib EndoHPB catheter (EMcision Ltd). Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2018 16, 1007-1017DOI: (10.1016/j.cgh.2017.10.023) Copyright © 2018 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Mean bilirubin value in patients undergoing RFA vs photodynamic therapy for hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Figure adapted from included data with permission from SAGE Publishing. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2018 16, 1007-1017DOI: (10.1016/j.cgh.2017.10.023) Copyright © 2018 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions

Figure 5 Rate of stent occlusions per month in patients undergoing RFA vs photodynamic therapy for unresectable cholangiocarcinoma. Figure adapted from included data with permission from Elsevier Publishing. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2018 16, 1007-1017DOI: (10.1016/j.cgh.2017.10.023) Copyright © 2018 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions

Figure 6 Reconstructed Kaplan–Meier curve showing significant difference in survival between RFA group and control group. Figure included with permission from Elsevier Publishing. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2018 16, 1007-1017DOI: (10.1016/j.cgh.2017.10.023) Copyright © 2018 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions

Figure 7 Imaging findings of patients with cancer of the pancreatic head. (A) CT shows low-density mass at the pancreas head, which did not respond to second-line chemotherapy. (B) EUS-guided RFA was performed by using forward-viewing EUS with 50 W of ablation power for 10 seconds and was repeated 8 times. (C) One month after RFA, follow-up CT showed necrosis and air bubbles in the mass (arrow). (D) Two months after RFA, CT showed a decrease of the low-density mass. Figure included with permission from Elsevier Publishing. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2018 16, 1007-1017DOI: (10.1016/j.cgh.2017.10.023) Copyright © 2018 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions

Figure 8 (A) Abdominal contrast-enhanced CT in the arterial phase shows a large enhancing lesion in the head and genu of the pancreas (arrow). (B) After EUS-guided RFA ablation at 3 months. Abdominal contrast-enhanced CT shows a pancreatic head lesion with rim enhancement and a central nonenhancing hypodense area (arrow). Figure included with permission from Elsevier Publishing. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2018 16, 1007-1017DOI: (10.1016/j.cgh.2017.10.023) Copyright © 2018 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions

Figure 9 Habib EUS-RFA probe (EMcision Ltd). Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2018 16, 1007-1017DOI: (10.1016/j.cgh.2017.10.023) Copyright © 2018 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions