Feedback What is a feedback mechanism? A stimulus (hunger, pain, cold, fear, etc.) causes an organism to react to maintain homeostasis. Example: You eat.

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Presentation transcript:

Feedback What is a feedback mechanism? A stimulus (hunger, pain, cold, fear, etc.) causes an organism to react to maintain homeostasis. Example: You eat a lot of sugar. Your blood sugar gets high. Your pancreas releases insulin to lower the blood sugar to a normal range.

Passive Transport Passive transport means that the cell uses NO ENERGY to move substances in or out Substances move along a CONCENTRATION GRADIENT. This just means that molecules (water, sugar, salts, waste, etc.) move from where there is more to where there is less.

Passive Transport Diffusion: movement of materials from a high concentration to a low concentration until equilibrium is reached Facilitated Diffusion: movement of materials through a protein channel with the aid of other molecules Osmosis: the diffusion of water

Facilitated Diffusion Facilitated diffusion is not actually a type of diffusion but a type of transport process. It is passive because it does not require energy.

High solute = low water Low solute = high water Osmosis Hypotonic: low concentration of solute outside cell Isotonic: concentrations of solute are equal Hypertonic: high concentration of solute outside cell High solute = low water Low solute = high water

hypertonic

Tonicity: Animal Cells

Tonicity: Plant cells

Plasmolysis in onion cells In Which Plants Dislike Hypertonic Solutions

And the moral of the story is…

Plants prefer hypotonic environments Animals prefer isotonic environments

Graphic organizer

Practice problems