Good afternoon! Please grab your folder and be in your seat when the timer goes off. You will need paper today.

Tang and Song China 618-907 (Tang) 960-1279 (Song)

After the fall of the Han Mass chaos Sui dynasty re-unites China (temporarily) in late 500s Built the Grand Canal What do you think it was used for?

Origins of the Tang Followed the Sui dynasty in early 580s Founded by Li Yuan in 618 Combined with son Tang Taizong, laid foundation for China’s golden age Expanded empire into North China, Korea, and as far west as Afghanistan

Restoration of Bureaucracy Increased power of scholar-gentry bureaucrats over aristocrats Bureaucrats educated in Confucianism Exams became more difficult and expanded; those who passed most difficult exams called jinshi Could rise in social status by performing well on exams

How do you think the exam worked? First, brainstorm some words that you think describe EOC testing. Let’s share some! Now, write down guesses to each question below: How long do you think the exam lasted? What do you think the conditions were like for testing? (where did they take it, what was the place like, etc.) What do you think was the % that passed? How old do you think the average person taking the exam was?

Civil Service Exam Procedures Exam lasted between 24 and 72 hours. Candidates were locked in individual cells with a board for a table and a bucket for a toilet. If a candidate died during the exam, the test officials would roll his body in a mat and throw it over the test compound wall, rather than allowing relatives to come into the examination zone to claim it. Only 1 in 300 candidates passed. There was so much to study that most people did not take the exam for the first time until they were 30.

Examination Hall

Religious Changes Mahayana Buddhism Hinayana Theravada Mostly followed by commoners Sometimes called the “Greater Vehicle” Emphasizes the ability to reach nirvana for ALL beings Today-53.2% of Buddhist population Zen Buddhism Sect of Mahayana Elite members Incorporates Daoism, emphasizes self-control and meditation Hinayana Original Buddhist beliefs “Lesser Vehicle” Theravada Very strict on doctrine and monastic life Today-35.8% of Buddhist population

Religious Influence https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RozWiUA-GCk Where does Zen Buddhism eventually spread to? Zen Buddhism emphasizes meditation. Let’s do a meditation together! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Ueg-AR4T7k

Fall of Tang & Rise of Song More on me later! Empress Wu ruled from 690-705 755- An Lushan leads revolt against Tang due to corrupt emperors Nomads (originally Tang allies) exploited political weaknesses to gain power High taxes Song dynasty founded by Emperor Taizu

Emperor Wu: Crazy Lady or Cutthroat Emperor?? Empress Wu started as a concubine of a Tang Dynasty emperor before seizing power for herself She insisted on being called Emperor, as she believed her power was not below that of any man Let’s find out more! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0mDEG_dHcCU (first 5:30 minutes)

Song Dynasty Superiority of Confucianism and Daoism over Buddhism Neo-Confucianism Personal morality is highest goal for humans Upheld patriarchy Less open to outside ideas Eventually fall to Jurchen invaders and later, the Mongols

Achievements of Tang and Song China Building of the Grand Canal- linked major Chinese cities for trade and communication Expansion of trade along Silk Roads Exported manufactured goods, imported luxury items Paper money first used during Tang era Song capital at Hangzhou was most sophisticated city in the world Inventions such as….

What is it?? A seismograph-measures earthquakes

What is it?? Playing cards

What is it?? Gunpowder/guns-used for…?

What is it?? Clock-powered by water

What is it?? Paper money-trade is more efficient

What is it?? Land mines-used for…?

What is it?? Moveable type-increased ability to print books

What is it?? Magnetic Compass-helps who…?

What is it?? Abacus-used for counting/trade

What is it?? Porcelain-luxury item on Silk Road What do you think it’s nicknamed??

Technology Advertisement You are an entrepreneur in China during the Tang/Song dynasties. You have recently invested in a business that has produced a wonderful technological innovation. Your goal is to sell your new piece of technology by telling people the positive impact it will have on their lives! To do this, you have decided to create an advertisement. Here’s what you’ve decided to include: Your company’s name and logo A picture of your wonderful new product A description of how your product works Why should people buy it? Describe the positive impact it will have on their lives. Remember, companies sell products by making catchy ads! Add color, be creative, and think outside the box!

Let’s grade them! Look at the fact sheets for both dynasties. Then give them an A, B, C, D, or F for the categories below: Unity/power/size: _____ Technology: _____ Art/Architecture: _____ Government structure: ____ Overall: ______

Technology Ad Writing Assignment For whichever item you chose, you are going to conduct some brief research and write a 3-paragraph response to the questions below: How did your product develop (i.e. how did it get to China, how was it invented/made) What was the use of your product? (provide details) How did your product improve/help Chinese society? You may use your phones, class notes, and the textbook to help with your research. Your paragraphs should be thorough, well-researched, and contain facts.