SWBAT: Explain how the rights movement of the 1960s and 1970s expanded rights for women and other groups of Americans Do Now: a) Read the excerpt for The Good Housewife and answer the questions using text-based evidence

Women’s Liberation Movement What Were Women Fighting For? Women wanted equal rights to men legally, socially, and economically. Though women were allowed to work, they were getting paid meager amounts compared to men and were restricted in their available career paths. Prior to the 1960s, young single women were expected to get married, have children, and take care of their families. The movement focused on changing the idea that women could only be mothers – women could and should be anything they wanted to be, just like men had the right to. The civil rights movement coincided with the women’s movement. African – American women were an especially ignored faction of society.

Important Events of the Women’s Rights Movement 1960: The Food and Drug Administration approves birth control pills.

Important Events of the Women’s Rights Movement 1963:Betty Friedan releases The Feminine Mystique laying the ground work for the feminist movement, the same year as the March to Washington. Author of The Feminine Mystique and co – founder of the National Organization of Women (NOW) She was a staunch supporter of abortion laws and a supporter of the Equal Rights Amendment to the Constitution

The Feminine Mystique “Each suburban wife struggles with it alone. As she made the beds, shopped for groceries, matched slipcover material, ate peanut butter sandwiches with her children, chauffeured Cub Scouts and Brownies, lay beside her husband at night- she was afraid to ask even of herself the silent question-- 'Is this all?” “It is perhaps beside the point to remark that bowling alleys and supermarkets have nursery facilities, while schools and colleges and scientific laboratories and government offices do not.” “The key to the trap is, of course, education. The feminine mystique has made higher education for women seem suspect, unnecessary and even dangerous. But I think that education, and only education, has saved, and can continue to save, American women from the greater dangers of the feminine mystique.”

Important Events of the Women’s Rights Movement 1966: Twenty – eight women found the National Organization for Women, including author Betty Friedan.

Important Events of the Women’s Rights Movement 1968: First public speak-out against abortion laws are held in New York. The same year women protest the Miss America Beauty Pageant in Atlantic City.

Important Events of the Women’s Rights Movement 1970: President Richard Nixon vetoes the Comprehensive Child Development Act, which would have established federally funded childcare centers.

Important Events of the Women’s Rights Movement 1972: Title IX is passed - Federal law that prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex in any federally funded education program or activity.

Important Events of the Women’s Rights Movement 1973: The Supreme Court strikes down many state abortion laws in the case Roe v. Wade. The Court held that a woman's right to an abortion fell within the right to privacy protected by the 14th Amendment The decision gave a woman total autonomy over the pregnancy during the first trimester.

Equal Rights Amendment The Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) was a proposed amendment to the United States Constitution designed to guarantee equal rights for women. The ERA was originally written by Alice Paul and, in 1923, it was introduced in the Congress for the first time. In 1972, it passed both houses of Congress and went to the state legislatures for ratification. The ERA failed to receive the requisite number of ratifications before the final deadline mandated by Congress of June 30, 1982 expired, and so it was not adopted, largely because Phyllis Schlafly mobilized conservatives to oppose the ERA.

Farm Workers Movement The United Farm Workers of America (UFWA) is a labor union created from the merging of two groups: Agricultural Workers Organizing Committee (AWOC) led by Filipino organizer Larry Itliong The National Farm Workers Association (NFWA) led by César Chávez. This union changed from a workers' rights organization that helped workers get unemployment insurance to that of a union of farmworkers almost overnight.

César Chavez Cesar Chavez was an American farm worker, labor leader and civil rights activist, who, with Dolores Huerta, co-founded the National Farm Workers Association His public-relations approach to unionism and aggressive but nonviolent tactics made the farm workers' struggle a moral cause with nationwide support. By the late 1970s, his tactics had forced growers to recognize the UFW as the bargaining agent for 50,000 field workers in California and Florida

Native Americans Fight for Equality 1. What types of problems faced Native American society? 2. What is the Declaration of Indian Purpose? How did the U.S. Government respond? 3. What was the goal of American Indian Movement (AIM)? Were they successful? Explain!

Native Americans Fight for Equality The American Indian Movement (AIM) is a Native American activist organization in the United States, founded in 1968 in Minneapolis, Minnesota, with an agenda that focuses on spirituality, leadership, and sovereignty. The organization was formed to address various issues concerning the Native American urban community, including poverty, housing, treaty issues, and police harassment. In its early years, AIM, as well as other groups, actively and sometimes violently confronted the government. In 1972, AIM leader Russell Means organized the “Longest Walk” march in Washington, D.C., to protest the U.S. government’s treaty violations throughout history.

Counter Culture and Youthful Idealism

SUM IT UP: How did the rights movement of the 1960s and 1970s expand rights for women and other groups of Americans?