Canadian Soldiers in Battle Lesson 3

The Schlieffen Plan Designed to quickly move through Belgium and into France Cut the French and English off from the English Channel Surround and capture Paris

Definition Casualties The total number of soldiers killed or wounded in a battle

Jigsaw activity Get in groups of three Conduct your own research to complete the hand out TLS 1.1.6 Canadian Soldiers in Battle On the back explain the significance of the battle for Canada

Primary or Secondary Source? In the textbook copies you read there was a number of different sources of information. What are some of the sources of information shown? For each source identify if it is a Primary source or a secondary source Textbook information Photographs Letters Maps Quotes

2nd Battle of Ypres

2nd Battle of Ypres Location and Date April 22 – May 25, 1915 - near Ypres, Belgium Specific Goals Fill the gap in the lines caused by the use of poison gas, and stop the German advance Combatants French Colonials, Canadians, British, Germans

2nd Battle of Ypres Battle Details First use of poison gas in war. First major battle for Canadian troops Results Germans were stopped, but not pushed back About 6000 Canadians died Consequences Stalemate reached again Canadians proved they were battle worthy

2nd Battle of Ypres The Canadian Division’s trial-by-fire at Ypres earned the Canadians a reputation as tough and dependable troops, but they had paid a high price: some 6,000 casualties over the four-day battle. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EKgHtYBr7lE&t=3s Second Battle of Ypres (3:55)

Battle of the Somme Colour the Somme rive blue Highlight the Allies lines on July 1st in Red Highlight the German Line on November 20th in Green Shade the area in side these lines a light yellow

Battle of the Somme Location and Date July 1 – November 18, 1916 – near the Somme river in France Specific Goals Relieve pressure on the city of Verdun, France by pulling Germans from the attack there to defend the Somme Combatants Canadians, British, Germans, Newfoundlanders

Battle of the Somme Battle Details German defenses were not destroyed in the initial barrage Outdated tactics cost hundreds of thousands of lives Results Germans pushed back, 525 sq/km were gained 80 000 Canadians fought. More than 24 000 Canadians died. 624 000 Allies killed in 5 months Consequences Stalemate reached again, Canadian soldiers showed they could endure a long battle. New tactics were initiated

Battle of the Somme War Horse – Calvary Charge (49:37-1:00:23) http://www.cbc.ca/player/play/1790799513 The Battle of the Somme (6:14)

Battle of Vimy Ridge Location and Date April 9 - 12, 1917– Northern France Specific Goals Capture the German position at the top of the ridge Combatants Canadians, British, French, Germans

Battle of Vimy Ridge Battle Details Strong German defenses British and French unable to take the ridge in weeks of battle First time Canadians fought as all Canadian units Soldiers well informed and trained Creeping barrage was used. Results Canadians took the ridge in three days

Battle of Vimy Ridge Consequences Gave the Allies hope for victory Proved Canadians could handle battle on their own https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3LP22iTXqS8 Why the Battle of Vimy Ride Matters (14:40)

Battle of Vimy Ridge Over four days of bloody fighting, the Canadians had overrun Vimy Ridge at the cost of more than 10,600 killed and wounded. The battle has since become an important symbol for Canada, the place where Canadians from across the country delivered an unprecedented victory, all four divisions of the Canadian Corps fighting together for the first time in the war.

Show You Know Question #2 p. 17 Answer in your notes Which battle – the 2nd Battle of Ypres, the Battle of the Somme, or the Battle of Vimy Ridge – do you think had the most lasting effect on Canada? Explain your choice This question is open-ended and there is no wrong answer as long as your responses are well-thought-out and justified. Textbook p. 23 Questions 2-5