DOE Data Center Tools Suite Data Center Energy Profiler (“DC Pro”) Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory ANCIS EYP Mission Critical Rumsey Engineers Taylor Engineering

Energy Savings: Profiling is the First Step Energy Profiling Subsystem Assessment Detailed Engineering Audit Engineering Design How much the Profiling Tool does before it passes the user to the Assessment Tools is still being debated. We obviously want to be able to pass information collected in Profiling Tool to the Assessment Tools. Retrofit/RCx Implementation Savings Validation (M&V) Documentation

Data Center Profiling Tool Objectives Tentative Estimate the efficiency of the IT equipment (calculations/Watt). Not simple. Firm Make an initial estimate of the overall efficiency of the data center support systems (the DCIE metric). Create initial, estimated energy use breakouts for the major data center systems. Provide a list of applicable energy-saving Actions. [why first objective is not simple] DCIE = Data Center Infrastructure Efficiency = IT Equipment energy use / total energy use. Energy breakouts can help owner decide where to focus efforts. Profiling tool to determine only the applicability of various actions, not their cost-effectiveness. The latter will be addressed in the Assessment Tools to be described later.

Springboard: Quick Plant Energy Profiler, or “Quick PEP” Version 1.1.3, Feb 21, 2007 http://www1.eere.energy.gov/industry/quickpep/default.aspx Suggested name for new tool: Data Center Energy Profiler, or “DC Pro” Ask how many in audience have seen Quick PEP before. Flip to Quick PEP site, give brief overview.

Energy Profiling Steps Quick PEP Home Screen 1 – Case Information 2 – Supplied Electricity 3 – Supplied Fuel 4 – Supplied Steam 5 – Product Info. (optional) 6 – Energy Use Systems 7 – Energy Use Distribution 8 – Energy Savings Opp. 9 – Results DC Pro (suggested) Home Screen 1 – Case Information 2 – Energy Use Systems 3 – Product Info. (optional) 4 – Supplied Electricity 5 – Supplied Fuel 6 – Supplied Steam 7 – Supplied Chilled Water 8 – Energy Use Distribution 9 – Energy Savings Opp. 10 – Results We suggest the same profiling steps, with the exception of one new addition, Supplied Chilled Water. I will describe this a bit later in the presentation. We also suggest a slightly different order to the steps. Asking for a description of the energy-using systems up front helps focus the user’s attention on which energy streams are needed for a proper profiling exercise.

Home Screen Quick PEP Allows the user to create an account (optional), and to create multiple plant profiles (one at a time). DC Pro We suggest leaving the function of this screen as-is. For the remainder of the presentation, I will be walking through profiling steps just outlined.

Step 1 – Case Information Quick PEP asks for: Case Name Industry Contact Name Contact Email Contact Address DC Pro (suggested) Ask for the same, plus: Climate Zone Floor Area, Non-Data Center Floor Area, Data Center Data Center Tier (Uptime def.) DC Current Build-Out (%) Climate Zone: This will help the profiling tool determine the potential impact of actions such as air-side or water-side economizing. Floor Area, Non-Data Center: If DC is standalone, OK to enter zero. But if DC and Non-DC areas are served by a common system such as a CHW plant, we want the profiling tool to parse that system’s energy use. Floor Area, Datacenter: This will enable us to determine the IT equipment density, which in turn allows us to determine the potential impact of various air-side actions. It will also allow us to identify very small “data centers”, embedded in a larger building. The results of the profiling tool will likely be more coarse for small spaces. Data Center Tier: This gives an indication of what kind of capacity and redundancy is needed in the support systems. DC Current Build-Out: Knowing how much of the data center is currently built out allows us to project the full build-out load, and the corresponding applicable actions. Question: Should we always project to 100% build-out, or should we allow the user to specify a final build-out percentage, too?

Step 2 - Energy Use Systems Quick PEP Contains many systems that do not apply to data centers DC Pro (suggested new list of major systems) Data Center Loads Controls Electric Distribution Air-Side Data Center Cooling Chilled Water Plant

Step 2 - Energy Use Systems, cont. Data Center Load Subsystems IT Equipment Lights Controls Subsystems Energy Management System Electric Distribution Subsystems Transformers Uninterruptible Power Supplies Power Distribution Units

Step 2 - Energy Use Systems, cont. Air-Side Subsystems Floor Plenum Ceiling Plenum Ducts Humidifiers Active Dehumidification via Cooling Coils Dedicated Ventilation Unit

Step 2 - Energy Use Systems, cont. Data Center Cooling Subsystems DX CRACs, Air-Cooled Condenser DX CRACs, Water-Cooled Condenser, Served by Dry Cooler DX CRACs, Water-Cooled Condenser, Served by Cooling Tower DX Package Unit(s), Air-Cooled Condenser DX Package Unit(s), Evaporatively-Cooled Condenser CHW CRAH CHW AHU Air-Side Economizer Rack-Mounted CHW Coils Rack-Mounted Hybrid CHW/Refrigerant Cooling (eg, Liebert XDV)

Step 2 - Energy Use Systems, cont. Chilled Water Plant Subsystems Electric Chilled Water Plant, Air-Cooled Electric Chilled Water Plant, Water-Cooled Water-Side Economizer Having the user identify existing systems supports: Creating the initial, default energy use break-outs. Limiting the scope of the Score Card questions. Limiting the list of applicable Actions.

Step 3 - Product Information (Optional) Quick PEP Flexible screen allows user to quantify one additional parameter (e.g., product, employees, sales), and receive energy-per-X results. DC Pro The concept is fine, but there is ongoing debate about how to quantify what data centers produce.

Supplied Energy “Streams” Step 4 – Supplied Electricity Step 5 – Supplied Fuel Step 6 – Supplied Steam Step 7 – Supplied Chilled Water Quick PEP does not provide any results unless at least one energy stream is quantified. We suggest that this same approach be retained for DC Pro, and furthermore suggest that there must be at least one electric stream.

Step 4 - Supplied Electricity The data center is often embedded in a larger building. We do not necessarily need electricity streams for the entire facility, just streams that feed the datacenter and its support systems. It is OK to have the stream(s) feeding more than just the DC and support systems, as a later screen allows user to assign a % of each stream to “other”. We suggest leaving this screen as-is, but adding text to clarify which streams are needed.

Step 5 - Supplied Fuel We suggest leaving this screen as-is. Humidifiers may use fuel other than electricity.

Step 6 - Supplied Steam We suggest leaving this screen as-is. Humidification system may use purchased steam.

Step 7 - Supplied Chilled Water This is a suggested new screen. Some data center facilities purchase chilled water from a third party. This screen would be similar to the Supplied Fuel screen, but would ask for chilled water usage rates and costs.

Step 8 - Energy Use Distribution The new screen would be similar to the existing screen, but would add a tab for chilled water if the Supplied Chilled Water concept is adopted.

Step 9 - Energy Savings Opportunities We suggest keeping same structure for this screen. The “Score Cards” will be new, with questions appropriate to the suggested data center systems: Data Center Loads Controls Electric Distribution Air Side Data Center Cooling Chilled Water Plant

Step 9 - Energy Savings Opportunities Example Score Card Questions (for Electric Distribution System): Transformer Efficiency? Number of UPS Modules? UPS Module Capacity? Average UPS Load Factor? etc The answers to the Score Card question will support: Refining the energy use breakouts (at the major system level only). Further limit the list of applicable Actions.

Step 10 - Results Quick PEP Case Information Annual Energy Purchases Annual Energy Consumption Potential Annual Energy Savings Suggested Next Steps DC Pro Case Information Data Center Infrastructure Efficiency (DCIE) Annual Energy Purchases Annual Energy Consumption Potential Annual Energy Savings Suggested Next Steps

Step 10 – Results, cont. [Say something about how DC Pro constructs this chart.]

Step 10 – Results, cont. Example List of Actions (for Electric Distribution System) Shut Down UPS Modules When Redundancy Level is High Enough Use High Efficiency MV and LV Transformers Reduce the Number of Transformers Upstream and Downstream of the UPS Locate Transformers Outside the Datacenter Use 480 V instead of 208 V Static Switches (STS) Specify High Efficiency Power Supplies Eliminate Redundant Power Supplies Supply DC Voltage to IT Rack etc The idea is that DC Pro will contain a current, complete list of all the actions that the Assessment Tools are capable of analyzing, but will present to the user only those actions that are applicable, based on the user’s inputs. DC Pro will not be concerned with cost-effectiveness of any action, only with its applicability. The user will need to exercise the Assessment Tools to determine what the expected savings and implementation costs are for each action.

We need your input! Purpose of today’s Profiling Tool workshop: Are the inputs reasonable? Are the outputs appropriate and adequate?

Thank You! See you at the Profiling Tool Workshop Session.