Lesson V Genitive Case

cibus cibi m. food

copia copiae f. supply, abundance

cura curae f. worry, care, concern

forma formae f. shape

numerus numeri m. number

regina reginae f. queen

clarus, clara, clarum clear, famous

planus, plana, planum level, flat

Identifying 1st and 2nd Declension Nouns All nouns belong to one of the five declensions. That declension is their “family.” The noun will always use the endings of their declension---and only their declension. Nouns will not change declension.

How to tell??? 1st declension nouns have –AE in their genitive singular. 2nd declension nouns have –I in their genitive singular. Genitive singular: the second part of the dictionary entry. aqua, aquae (f.)---water carrus, carri (m.)---cart

Practice! insula, insulae carrus, carri ancilla, ancillae amicus, amici templum, templi luna, lunae agricola, agricolae vir, viri FIRST SECOND

cibus cibi m. food

copia copiae f. supply, abundance

cura curae f. worry, care, concern

forma formae f. shape

numerus numeri m. number

regina reginae f. queen

clarus, clara, clarum clear, famous

planus, plana, planum level, flat

Ruler of every person, place and thing. The Noun Kingdom Once upon a time in a faraway kingdom, Great King Noun ruled. He ruled every person, place and thing in the kingdom. The joy of his life were his 5 daughters. Every daughter was special and had a special purpose in the kingdom. King Noun Ruler of every person, place and thing. He had 5 daughters. Each one was special!

Naomi was first in the hearts of her subjects. The Noun Kingdom Naomi The oldest daughter was Niomi Nominative. She was first in the hearts of her subjects. She was a really active. She was always looking for a new action challenge. Naomi Nominative Naomi was first in the hearts of her subjects.

What we can learn from Naomi Nominative! The nominative case ending is used for subjects. Subjects usually come first in a sentence, both in English word order and Latin word order. Aqua est clara. The water is clear. Puellae equum amant. The girls like the horse. Servus aquam portat. The slave carries the water. Carri sunt magni. The carts are large.

Naomi was first in the hearts of her subjects. The Noun Kingdom Naomi The oldest daughter was Niomi Nominative. She was first in the hearts of her subjects. She was a really active. She was always looking for a new action challenge. Naomi Nominative Naomi was first in the hearts of her subjects.

Object of every prince’s affection! The Noun Kingdom I love Angie! I love Angie! The fourth daughter was Angie Accusative. Angie was the most beautiful of the daughters. She was the object of affection for all the neighboring princes. Despite her beauty Angie was very humble always took a place at the end of the line. Angie Accusative Object of every prince’s affection! Despite her beauty, Angie was very humble and usually took a place at the end of the line.

What we can learn from Angie Accusative! The accusative case ending is used for direct objects. Direct objects usually come at the end of an English sentence…but in Latin, they’re usually in the middle. Puellae equum amant. The girls like the horse. Servus aquam portat. The slave carries the water.

Object of every prince’s affection! The Noun Kingdom I love Angie! I love Angie! The fourth daughter was Angie Accusative. Angie was the most beautiful of the daughters. She was the object of affection for all the neighboring princes. Despite her beauty Angie was very humble always took a place at the end of the line. Angie Accusative Object of every prince’s affection! Despite her beauty, Angie was very humble and usually took a place at the end of the line.

Very Possessive OF her Possessions! The Noun Kingdom All MINE!! The second daughter was Gina Genitive. Now Gina was very selfish. She wanted to possess everything. Her first word was mine Gina Genitive Very Possessive OF her Possessions!

What We Can Learn About Gina Genitive! The genitive case ending is used to show possession. Genitives can be translated with ‘s, s’, or the word OF. IF YOU TRANSLATE GENITIVES WITH “OF” YOU WILL ALWAYS GET THE RIGHT ANSWER. REPEAT: IF YOU TRANSLATE GENITIVES WITH “OF” YOU WILL ALWAYS GET THE RIGHT ANSWER!!!

Gina Genitive, cont’d! equus puellae (the horse of the girl; OR, the girl’s horse) aqua agricolarum (the water of the farmers, OR, the farmers’ water) Case Singular Plural Nominative (subject) a ae Genitive (“of”) ae arum Dative ae is Accusative (direct obj.) am as Ablative a is

Gina Genitive, cont’d! aqua equi (the water of the horse, OR, the horse’s water) cibus equorum (the food of the horses, OR, the horses’ food) Case Sg. Pl. Nom. (subject) us i Gen. (“of”) i orum Dat. o is Acc. (direct obj.) um os Abl. o is

Let’s practice! the mother of the girls (the girls’ mother) the girl’s book (the book of the girl) the wheels of the carts (the carts’ wheels) the driver of the cart (the cart’s driver) puellarum puellae carrorum carri Case Sg. Pl. Gen. (“of”) ae arum Gen. (“of”) i orum

Let’s practice! fama equorum vita agricolae numerus insularum cibus Romanorum pupa (doll) puellae cibus servi fortunam reginarum The fame of the horses The life of the farmer The number of the islands The food of the Romans The doll of the girl The food of the slave The fortune of the queens

Word Study: Latin phrases and abbreviations used in English i.e. (id est) e.g. (exempli gratia) etc. (et cetera) cf. (confer) magna cum laude in loco parentis carpe diem Magna Carta that is… for example and the rest, and so forth compare with great praise, honor in place of a parent seize the day (i.e., enjoy the moment) The Great Paper, the document signed in 1215 that is one of the cornerstones of English civil liberties