Starter Quiz 1. Who discovered germ theory? TASK: Please write down the title, and 1-9 in your margin on a new sheet of paper. 1. Who discovered germ theory? 2. Having what disease stopped you getting smallpox? 3. What was the Night of the Long Knives? 4. Who did Jenner test his vaccination on? 5. What animal did Robert Koch inject with anthrax? 6. What percentage of the London population died of the plague in 1665? 7. When was Kristallnacht? 8. What did the Nazis see as women’s role in society? 9. What was the infant mortality rate in York in 1899? Last lesson = 1 pt Last week = 2 pt Last term = 3 pt

4. James Phipps, a nine year old boy 5. Mice 6. 25% Last lesson = 1 pt Last week = 2 pt Last term = 3 pt 1. Louis Pasteur 2. Cowpox 3. In June 1934 the SS killed the leaders of the SA and 400 other possible opponents of Hitler 4. James Phipps, a nine year old boy 5. Mice 6. 25% 7. 1938 8. Children, Cooking and Church 9. 250 per thousand

Medicine Lesson 9: A Revolution in Surgery Part 1 Good learning: Understand the changes to who could become a surgeon or doctor Great learning: Explain how Simpson and Lister improved surgery Even better: Evaluate the impact of anaesthetics, carbolic acid and aseptic surgery Key Words: Anaesthetic Aseptic Carbolic Acid Antiseptic

Changes to who could become a surgeon or doctor (p59-60) Bransby Blake Cooper was not a very good surgeon, how did one of his failed surgeries lead to the setting up of the General Medical Council that regulated the medical profession? (Give your answer as set of steps or bullet points) Women in Medicine: Produce a timeline to illustrate how Elizabeth Garrett Anderson and Sophia Jex-Blake opened up the opportunity for women to become doctors. Good learning: Understand the changes to who could become a surgeon or doctor Great learning: Explain how Simpson and Lister improved surgery Even better: Evaluate the impact of anaesthetics, carbolic acid and aseptic surgery

James Simpson and Joseph Lister (Video + 60-3) James Simpson: Anaesthetics (pain relief) Joseph Lister: Anti-septic surgery 1815- Humphrey Davy- laughing gas (started off taking it with his friends) 1846- Robert Liston- amputated a leg using ether as an anaesthetic (big problem was some patients woke up mid operation, some never woke up) 1847 James Simpson- Chloroform How did Simpson discover chloroform worked? Who’s endorsement encouraged others to use chloroform in 1853? Did anaesthetics make surgery more successful (give positives and negatives) What did Ignaz Semmelweiss do? Lister used carbolic acid to sterilise his operating theatre: How did he come up with the idea? Describe how he used it What were the results? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vg1hqZanDa0 Good learning: Understand the changes to who could become a surgeon or doctor Great learning: Explain how Simpson and Lister improved surgery Even better: Evaluate the impact of anaesthetics, carbolic acid and aseptic surgery

Great learning: Explain how Simpson and Lister improved surgery Aseptic Surgery (p63) What is the difference between antiseptic and aseptic? What happened in: 1878 1881 1886 Why were rubber gloves first used? Why is Berkeley Moyniham significant? Good learning: Understand the changes to who could become a surgeon or doctor Great learning: Explain how Simpson and Lister improved surgery Even better: Evaluate the impact of anaesthetics, carbolic acid and aseptic surgery

Great learning: Explain how Simpson and Lister improved surgery Impact of the Changes Surgery Improvements Problems Opposition Good learning: Understand the changes to who could become a surgeon or doctor Great learning: Explain how Simpson and Lister improved surgery Even better: Evaluate the impact of anaesthetics, carbolic acid and aseptic surgery

Great learning: Explain how Simpson and Lister improved surgery Progress Check Complete the Progress check at the bottom of P63 Good learning: Understand the changes to who could become a surgeon or doctor Great learning: Explain how Simpson and Lister improved surgery Even better: Evaluate the impact of anaesthetics, carbolic acid and aseptic surgery

Medicine Lesson 9: A Revolution in Surgery Part 1 Good learning: Understand the changes to who could become a surgeon or doctor Great learning: Explain how Simpson and Lister improved surgery Even better: Evaluate the impact of anaesthetics, carbolic acid and aseptic surgery Key Words: Anaesthetic Aseptic Carbolic Acid Antiseptic