Unit 1: Foundation & Development

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Presentation transcript:

Unit 1: Foundation & Development The First Government

The Declaration of Independence Declaration of Independence mostly written by Thomas Jefferson Approved by Congress July 4, 1776 What did it do????

The Declaration of Independence Gave reasons why colonies separated from British Purpose of govt = protect human rights / basic rights for all “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness.”

The DoI & the American Revolution Continental Army led by George Washington CA soldiers = Patriots Battles in north & south British forced to surrender in New England (1777) Southern battles continued

The DoI & the American Revolution Continental Army officer Benedict Arnold became traitor British surrendered in South at Yorktown The Battle of Yorktown = last major battle (1783) Treaty of Paris Great Britain recognized independence of US

The Articles of Confederation 1777 – Congress adopted plan of govt: the Articles of Confederation 13 states approved 1781 Revolutionary War ended 1783 Colonies = The United States of America

Government Under The Articles of Confederation Confederation = loose association of states “firm league of friendship” btwn 13 states Congress = the national government New national govt had little power Each state had one vote in Congress

Government Under The Articles of Confederation Wanted to keep the states’ sovereignty Sovereignty = absolute power States had power to enforce national laws, not the national govt After the war… Trade slowed, debt, loss of property Why? States = too much power / national govt weak

Government Under the Articles of Confederation States had issues w/ each other but national govt had no power to solve probs United States seen as weak by other countries US needed a change in govt….what did they do??? Wanted to revise the AoC Delegates from each state to meet in 1787

Weaknesses of the Articles Why was national govt weak? Couldn’t pass laws Needed 9/13 states to agree No officials to make sure laws were carried out No way to interpret laws/judge those who broke them No money = no paying off debts Couldn’t collect taxex