Warm-Up Name and describe the three types of government. Why is education crucial to a democracy? What’s the difference between an autocracy and an oligarchy? Why must democracies have citizen participation?

Events Leading to Independence American Government Tradition

English Political Heritage Two basic political principles: Limited government – the concept that a monarch’s power is limited, not absolute Representative government – a government in which people elect delegates to make laws and conduct government Magna Carta: Limited the power of the government Fundamental Rights Trial by jury Due process of law

Petition of Right English Bill of Rights Men have rights Rule of law Basic Rights Trial by jury Protection against marshal law Protection against quartering troops Protection of private property English Bill of Rights Limited power of the monarch No standing army in peacetime Free elections Right of petition Parliamentary checks on power

Colonial Government The English founded thirteen colonies along the eastern coast of North America between 1607 and 1733. Colonial governments established practices that became key to our government like: A written constitution A legislature of elected representatives The separation of powers between the executive and the legislature The Mayflower Compact was the first colonial plan for self-government The Virginia House of Burgesses was the first colonial legislature in America

Movement to Independence Two events pushed the colonies toward independence from England: After the French and Indian War the British thought the colonies should help pay for war debt The Stamp Act increased Britain's revenue but angered the colonies

Proclamation of 1763 Colonists could not move west of the Appalachian Mountains

Sugar Act Quartering Act Stamp Act Tax on sugar and other luxuries Provide food and housing for British soldiers Stamp Act Required that revenue stamps be placed on most printed paper in the colonies

Protests

Protests The Boston Massacre Guards fire on a crows protesting the stamp act, killing 5 people. The Boston Tea Party was a protest by the colonists that led to the Coercive Acts

Colonial Unity Stamp Act Congress Committees of Correspondence First meeting organized by the colonies to protest the British government Committees of Correspondence Organized resistance to the British First Continental Congress Organized by Massachusetts and Virginia in response to the Intolerable Act Delegates agree to an embargo prohibiting trade with the British Led to the first battle of the Revolutionary War at Lexington and Concord in Massachusetts

Second Continental Congress Delegates from the thirteen colonies assumed the powers of a central government

Wrap-Up Questions Answers Proclamation of 1763 Sugar Act Opening Battle of the American Revolution Tax on sugar and luxury items “Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death” Closed the port of Boston Tax on legal documents and paper Colonists could not settle west of the Appalachians Required colonists to house and feed British soldiers Groups of colonists who protested taxes When 5 colonists were killed by British soldiers When colonists dressed like Native Americans and threw tea in the harbor Olive Branch Petition, Declaration of Causes and Necessities, Wrote the Declaration of Independence Proclamation of 1763 Sugar Act Quartering Act Stamp Act Patrick Henry Sons and Daughters of Liberty Boston Massacre The Boston Tea Party Intolerable Acts/Coercive Acts of 1774 Lexington and Concord Second Continental Congress