Reasons for the Decline of Feudalism during the High Middle Ages

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Presentation transcript:

Reasons for the Decline of Feudalism during the High Middle Ages

Decline of Feudalism--Crusades Feudalism weakened after the Crusades: Lords sold off some of their lands to raise money for Crusades Pope lost respect because the Crusades were unsuccessful

Decline of Feudalism—Trade Merchants saw new, exotic products as a result of the Crusades & began to trade them in Europe Increased trade led to cities & weakened feudal relationships: New opportunities for serfs Kings gained power because they could tax the merchants

Decline of Feudalism—Black Death In 1347, a trade ship arrived in Italy bringing cargo from China—on ship was disease called the Plague (Black Death) Swept rapidly throughout Europe along trade routes

Steps for Spread of Bacteria: The rat is infected with the bacteria The flea gets on the rat and bites the rat, and through the rat’s blood the bacteria is contracted Bacteria multiplies in the flea Flea's gut gets clogged with bacteria The flea bites a human, regurgitates blood into open wound HUMAN is INFECTED!!

Flea full of Plague-Causing Bacteria

Modern-Day Images of the Plague!! This is why your mother makes you clean your room!!

Here are some of the CRAZY ways they had to cure the Plague: Bathing in human urine Wearing of human excrement Placing dead animals in the home Use of leaches Pomanders Chop a snake up everyday Try to fall asleep on the left side of the bed Don't sleep during the day Do not exercise Do not eat any desserts

Decline of Feudalism—Black Death Plague killed 25 million people in 5 years (1/3 of Europe’s population) Plague would disappear, then reappear in the 1600s Effects: wiped out 1/3 population, but those who survived could demand higher wages for labor because there were fewer people to do work—lower & middle classes gained more rights

100 Year’s War

Decline of Feudalism—100 Years War Beginning in 1337, England invaded France to take over lands that belonged to William the Conqueror (a Frenchman who ruled England in 1066) Began 116 years of turmoil But there were major effects of 100 Years War:

New Weapons Longbow—6-foot bows that could fire length of 3 football fields (replaced feudal fighting technique of using exclusively knights on horseback) Cannons—used Chinese technology of gunpowder to shoot 20-inch stone balls (replaced feudal practice of relying on castles for protection)

Nationalism People looked at the King as a national leader fighting for the glory of the nation-state English people were proud when England defeated France in battle; French people were proud when France defeated England in battle England France

Joan of Arc England & France traded victories for 92 years, but in 1429 a young girl named Joan of Arc had a vision that she could lead France to victory Under her leadership, France defeated England BUT, Joan was captured & condemned to die by fire; Joan of Arc is considered a French hero & religious saint

The Hundred Years War VS. England France

“Staircase” from Early to High Middle Ages On the graphic organizer provided, describe the characteristics of the Early Middle Ages & the High Middle Ages Think of as many reasons as possible for the shift from the Early to the High Middle Ages & create a separate staircase for each reason The person/group with the most accurate “staircases” wins!!