Oratory is the power to talk people out of their sober and natural opinions.  ~Joseph Chatfield http://www.google.com/imgres?q=persuasion&start=92&hl=en&sa=X&biw=1146&bih=556&addh=36&tbm=isch&prmd=imvnsb&tbnid=dszJy6JxdRxpaM:&imgrefurl=http://lapersuasion.blogspot.com/&docid=PdRMlQnNyIexCM&imgurl=http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_0oKoTN4-zdk/Ssuz9tPhCNI/AAAAAAAAAAk/bqgh2Oiacio/S1600-R/persuasion.jpg&w=800&h=296&ei=LS6UT4bWN-Lk6QGEgum1BA&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=611&vpy=212&dur=33&hovh=136&hovw=369&tx=237&ty=63&sig=102736526451148650688&page=7&tbnh=72&tbnw=195&ndsp=17&ved=1t:429,r:4,s:92,i:13

Persuasion Defined the process of motivating someone, through communication, to change a particular belief, attitude, or behavior http://www.google.com/imgres?q=persuasion&hl=en&sa=X&biw=1146&bih=556&tbm=isch&prmd=imvnsb&tbnid=ZoId95B6ke574M:&imgrefurl=http://youngmogulsociety.com/persuasion-strategies-of-a-good-leader&docid=b05A0I4ST13v0M&imgurl=http://youngmogulsociety.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/Persuasion.jpg&w=336&h=387&ei=1CuUT9oG5eTpAeCb2YUE&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=237&sig=102736526451148650688&page=2&tbnh=163&tbnw=141&start=13&ndsp=16&ved=1t:429,r:6,s:13,i:181&tx=103&ty=49 http://recoveringengineer.com/communication-skills/five-secrets-for-more-persuasive-writing/

A: History of Persuasion Aristotle -wrote Rhetoric over 2,500 years ago; still considered most influential book written on the subject -three sources of persuasion come from Aristotle (1Ethos, 2Pathos, 3Logos).

convinced by the character of the person Personality (image) Reputation we believe ppl we respect Character/Appearance of the speaker **Can the audience trust, respect, and believe the speaker? **Does the speaker show he/she is deserving of trust? Ethical Appeal or Credibility convinced by the character of the person

Types of Ethos appeal to age and experience reverence for civic virtue patriotism and public-spiritedness display of piety: devoted to religion follow rules of decorum: avoid delicate issues model restraint

Improve your ethical appeal! Show a high degree of confidence and competence Be sincere Be well prepared Be honest Responsible (ethical) persuasion means telling the truth as you have discovered it. Show genuine interest in the audience Charisma Speak directly to a member or two of your audience Refer to your personal experience Mention your qualifications Identify common interests with the audience Use questions and outside evidence

2. Pathos Emotional Appeal appealing persuading by to the audience’s emotions Cartoon-homework: http://www.blgconsultinggroup.com/blog/bid/39081/Best-Practices-in-Sales-The-Six-Principles-of-Persuasion

Types of Pathos Write down 2-3 of the following: lay claim to qualities that the audience will respect stress disadvantages of speaker’s situation as a claim to pity arouse hostility against opponent generate prejudice through irrelevant information incite fear plea for pity

Types of audiences positive: keep them happy or make them happier neutral: needs more information disinterested: needs to be shown how the subject affects them (light a fire). negative: needs to be “softened up,” use evidence

3. Logos Logical Appeals persuading through the use of reasoning: argument evidence expert Opinion http://blogs.oucs.ox.ac.uk/openspires/2011/03/18/engaging-staff-in-oer-persuasion-support-and-reward/ Logic Argument

deductive reasoning: an argument that is valid and sound argument: a set of one or more declarative sentences (premises) along with another declarative sentence (conclusion) deductive reasoning: an argument that is valid and sound Ex: P1: All men are mortal. P2: Zeus is a man. C.: Zeus is mortal. valid: if the conclusion seems to logically follow the premises sound: when the conclusion logically follows and the premises

Evidence + Reasoning = Proof Data + Warrant = Claim Data/Evidence: Materials shown and facts given by the speaker. Warrant/Reasoning: Words providing a transition or mental jump from data to claim. Claim/Proof: That which the speaker wants the audience to believe. Each listener has their own thinking process (what they think is logical).

Persuasion Activity $10,000 Group 1: you should get all the money. Group 2: you should spend the money on a teacher appreciation day. Group 3: you should spend the money on the class. Group 4: you should give the money to an organization of your choice. Group 5: you should spend the money on a Senior class field trip to ______. (1 day) Group 6: you should give all the money to Tech High School.

C: Conditions for Persuasive Speeches know your own reasoning need to believe what you are arguing answer the question: Why do these ppl not already believe or do like I do on this matter? strive to avoid offending deeply

D: Types of Persuasive Speeches Speech to Convince speaker attempts only to modify the audiences’ attitudes, opinions, or beliefs, rather than to motivate them to take action Speech to Actuate speaker supplies motivation; tries to motivate the audience to do something in particular Speech to Stimulate urges an audience to do/believe something that they already do/believe must have a fresh approach for each encounter with the audience

E: Monroe’s Motivated Sequence Attention step draw attention to your subject Need step establish the problem Satisfaction step propose a solution Visualization step describe the result of the solution Action step direct appeal for the audience to do something

F: Creating a Persuasive Message 1. Describe the Problem discuss nature of problem; show how problem affects audience 2. Describe the Solution show plan will work; discuss the advantages of the plan 3. Describe the desired audience reaction explain exactly what audience should do; describe benefits of the response you are seeking

Work Cited Stephen E. Lucas’ The Art of Public Speaking (8th ed.)