Internal Membrane System Division 2 By: Emily Nelson, Kortney Berg, Ashley Kubow, Alex Holmes, Andes Mint

Golgi Apparatus Definition- distribute and modify materials for cell use Package organelle Found in most plant and animal cells Animal cells have fewer and larger Golgi apparatus’ Plant cells contain many and a smaller version It is a group of flattened disc-like structures located close to the Endoplasmic Reticulum.

Golgi Apparatus FUNCTION It transport, modify, and packaging proteins and lipids into vesicles It builds lysosomes It builds sugar and sends it off to the cell

Golgi Apparatus- Why it’s Important producing chemicals such as pectin and polysaccharides which is used in making the cell walls. It is the only organelle in the cell that receives, sorts, modifies, concentrates, packs and despatches biochemicals for use inside and outside the cell. In specialist secretory cells the Golgi complex is responsible for the sorting and packing of such well-known items as insulin, digestive enzymes and pectin.

Vacuoles Storage bubbles found in cells. They store any variety of nutrient a cell needs to survive as well as waste products, which protects the entire cell from contamination. Vacuoles help plants maintain their shape.

Lysosomes Definition- a membrane bounded vesicle that contains digestive enzymes produced by the golgi apparatus part of the endomembrane system found in all eukaryotic cells the breakdown of structures within the cell Lysosome has a single membrane with a sphere shape the interior of the lysosome is acidic

Lysosomes FUNCTION Lysosomes are a part of the cell that: Digests food (digestive enzymes) inside & outside cell Destroys waste and cleans up cell Destroys worn-out or damaged organelles Protects from invaders *Many times lysosomes recycle the materials that are brought into the cell (biosynthesis)

Lysosomes- Why it’s Important Breakdown complex molecules either digest this material or recycle it It is able to digest useless materials on the inside and outside of the cell and create usable nutrients Without effective lysosomes the body may have diseases lysosomal storage disease- accumulation of undigested substances New organelles depend on the lysosome

Peroxisomes Definition- a type of microbody that contains oxidative enzymes and catalase found in almost all eukaryotic cells they are able to self-replicate however they do not have their own internal DNA molecules Location- scattered throughout cytoplasm The peroxisome is a sphere shape and bound by a single membrane.

Peroxisomes FUNCTION Example- oxidization (loss of an electron or molecule by an atom) Primary function- making their enzymes function together to rid the cell of toxic substances hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) changes into water (H2O) and oxygen (O2) peroxisomes primarily focus on enzymes that require oxygen They are known for digesting fatty acids and alcohol

Peroxisomes- Why it’s Important It is a catalyst which means that is speeds up reaction rate by lowering activation energy If you don't have enough you won't be able to break down fatty acids which can lead to many fatal diseases Zellweger Syndrome: Fatty acids cannot be broken down leading to brain damage and death *the peroxisome is a key factor in many basic functions throughout plants and animals

Works Cited http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK9930/ http://www.1sthealthinsurancequotes.com/peroxisomes.html http://bscb.org/learning-resources/softcell-e-learning/peroxisome/ http://www.biologyreference.com/La-Ma/Lysosomes.html http://bscb.org/learning-resources/softcell-e-learning/golgi-apparatus/ http://www.biology4kids.com/files/cell_peroxisome.html http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/L/Lysosomes.html