Chemical Bonds Notes 10/16/2018

This week you need to know the following elements and their Element Symbol. Zinc (Zn) Calcium (Ca) Phosphorus (P) Iodine (I) Silicon (Si) Copper (Cu) Aluminum (Al) Silver (Ag) Gold (Au) Fluorine (F)

Remember: An element is A compound is 1. Found on the Periodic Table 2. Made up of one kind of atom A compound is 2 or more atoms CHEMICALLY bonded

Remember Electrons are negatively charged particles orbiting the nucleus of an atom.

Valence Electron Electrons in the outer shell of the atom that can chemically bond with another atom. The number of valence electrons in each atom determines the chemical properties of the atom.

Electron Levels

Stable Elements Elements that can fill their outer shell or have 8 valence electrons tend to be more stable than elements that do not.

Chemical Bonds A chemical bond is the force of attraction that holds atoms together as a result of the rearrangement of electrons between them Atoms that are not stable try to achieve stability by bonding with other atoms to get their valence electrons to equal 8.

Ionic Bond Formed when metals react to nonmetals Electrons are passed from the metal to the nonmetal This bond creates a new substance. Common Ionic Bonds: (You Need To Recognize These) Salt (NaCl) Rust (Fe2O3)

Covalent bond When 2 or more Nonmetals form a compound. Electrons are shared The attractions between the shared electrons and the protons in the nucleus of each atom hold the atoms together Common Covalent Bonds (You Need To Recognize These) Water (H2O) Simple Sugar (C6H12O6) Oxygen Gas (O2) Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Nitrogen Gas (N2)

Lewis Dot Structure Illustrates the valence electrons that an element has. We use this to show how atoms can bond to other atoms.