THE END OF THE COLD WAR & THE COLLAPSE OF THE SOVIET UNION THE FALL OF COMMUNISM, THE END OF THE COLD WAR & THE COLLAPSE OF THE SOVIET UNION HAMMER SICKLE UNITY AND OF COURSE … RED FOR COMMUNISM

MANY CLAIM THAT THIS YEAR WAS THE YEAR THAT COMMUNISM BEGAN TO CRACK. THAT YEAR WAS… 1980

RONALD REAGAN WAS ELECTED PRESIDENT OF THE US! 1980... THE YEAR THAT... RONALD REAGAN WAS ELECTED PRESIDENT OF THE US!

Actually…. Communism began to see cracks in the “iron curtain” during the Nixon years when he instituted the policy of DÉTENTE, a period of when tensions between the U.S. and U.S.S.R. “cooled off” for a short time.

PRESIDENT REAGAN WAS KNOWN FOR… REFERRING TO THE SOVIET UNION AS ... “THE EVIL EMPIRE!”

MORE IMPORTANTLY... STAR WARS ONE PROGRAM HE CONSIDERED: BUILDING HE BELIEVED THAT THE US COULD “BURY” THE SOVIET UNION ECONOMICALLY BY STARTING ANOTHER MASSIVE ARMS RACE! STAR WARS ONE PROGRAM HE CONSIDERED: BUILDING A DEFENSE SHIELD IN SPACE! SOME CALLED IT...

SOVIET UNION... UNFORTUNATELY, FOR THE IT DID NOT HAVE... THE MONEY RESOURCES TO KEEP UP WITH THE US!

POLAND A REVOLT IN... ANOTHER EVENT IN 1980... A SATELLITE NATION MAKES SENSE: THE COLD WAR BEGINS TO END WHERE IT BEGAN! A SATELLITE NATION

SOLIDARNOSC In 1980 in Poland, a group of ship workers tried to form a Union they called Solidarnoisc(Solidarity). The leader of Solidarity, Lech Walesa was a hero. The following year, the government banned the Solidarity movement. Over the next few years, Poland’s economy began to fail. The workers walked off their jobs demanding better wages and working conditions. In 1989, Poland legalized Solidarity and agreed to free government elections. The people voted the Communists out of power and elected Lech Walesa president. After economic troubles, the Poles voted Walesa out and Kwasniewski, a former Communist in.

ALSO, THE POLES FOUND ANOTHER HERO IN... POPE JOHN PAUL II HE SPOKE OUT AGAINST: COMMUNISM AND ITS EVILS ESPECIALLY ITS DEVOTION TO... ATHEISM!

Germany Reminder: Reminder: After WWII, Germany and the capital city of Berlin is divided into 4 occuppied zones YALTA CONFERENCE

Communism comes to an end in East Germany East Germany watched neighboring countries successfully protest their governments and obtain political freedom. Protestors asked to travel freely and free elections. In an effort to save Communism, on Nov. 9, 1989 the Communist leader opened the wall. His gamble did not pay off, and the Communist party ceased to exist by the end of 1989.

Fall of the Wall as Covered by ABC News https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EyDupNTjhaQ

THE GREAT SOVIET EMPIRE WAS DYING! ONE BY ONE - THE SATELLITE NATIONS BROKE FREE FROM SOVIET DOMINATION! THE GREAT SOVIET EMPIRE WAS DYING! 1. POLAND 2. EAST GERMANY 3. CZECHOSLOVAKIA 4. ROMANIA 5. BULGARIA

Germany since the Fall of the Wall East Germany lacked infrastructure and their goods could not compete in a global market. Taxes and unemployment rose. New chancellors and Germany’s location in Central Europe have helped the country find success. Today, Germany is a strong, economically stable country.

For Thursday: 24 Question Take Home Cold War Quest New Reforms: Pages 1046 -1047 (textbook) Pages 256-257 In Review Book Finish for Wednesday For Thursday: 24 Question Take Home Cold War Quest

THE GREAT SOVIET EMPIRE WAS DYING! ONE BY ONE - THE SATELLITE NATIONS BROKE FREE FROM SOVIET DOMINATION! THE GREAT SOVIET EMPIRE WAS DYING! 1. POLAND 2. EAST GERMANY 3. CZECHOSLOVAKIA 4. ROMANIA 5. BULGARIA

Why Mrs. Lavarge thought that there really was a physical “iron curtain” The Cold War provided entertaining culture What does this commercial say about those who live behind the “iron curtain”? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5CaMUfxVJVQ

Glasnost This reform called for openness in Soviet society. This policy ended censorship, political prisoners were released, and free speech was encouraged.

Perestroika This reform allowed for elements of capitalism in order to stimulate economic growth and to make industry more efficient. On the down side however, inflation increased and there were shortages of food and medicine.

Democratization This Gorbachev reform called for a gradual opening of the political system. Now there could be more candidates and other parties than just the Communist Party.

Poking Fun at Gorbachev reforms In this commercial Russians Debate the policies of Gorbachev https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fgm14D1jHUw

This Print Ad says it all about Gorbachev & Perestroika

ONE LAST ATTEMPT TO SAVE COMMUNISM & RESTORE THE OLD ORDER 1991 ONE LAST ATTEMPT TO SAVE COMMUNISM & RESTORE THE OLD ORDER WHILE VACATIONING IN AUGUST 1991, COMMUNIST HARDLINERS, LED BY... LEADERS IN THE MILITARY AND KGB OFFICIALS STAGE A COUP AND BASICALLY TAKE GORBY AS A PRISONER!

BY THE END OF 1991: CAN YOU BELIEVE IT: 1. EVERY REPUBLIC OF THE SOVIET UNION - ALL 15 OF THEM - WERE NOW INDEPENDENT NATIONS 2. GORBY RESIGNED AS PRESIDENT OF THE SOVIET UNION BECAUSE IT NO LONGER EXISTED 3. THE COLD WAR WAS OVER! CAN YOU BELIEVE IT: THE AMERICANS & THE RUSSIANS ON THE SAME SIDE!

Current Leader of Russia Vladimir Putin: Russia Under Putin: Limits on freedom of speech. Frustration over current economic issues and unemployment Russia’s annexing of the Crimean area of the Ukraine

How the media portrays the contrast between the 2 superpower leaders

So what else does Putin do besides trample on human rights? http://www.cbssports.com/nhl/eye-on-hockey/24558802/watch-russian-president-vladimir-putin-plays-in-celebrity-hockey-game

Also by the end of 1991.. Cold War Fall Out As soviet satellites gained their freedom, leftover ethnic tensions and feelings of strong nationalism resurfaced, especially in the former areas of the Balkan Region. What was this region called during WWI?

With the death of their totalitarian leader, and the fall of communism throughout Europe, ethnic tensions grew. Watch the video and see what happened in Yugoslavia. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ae_cTGvxYGI

Where does this story fit in Global History? Theme of human rights (violation of) & justice(Where the U.N. and NATO stepped in to help bring an end to the conflict) Conflict Nationalism

Cold war Fall-out Since the end of the Cold War, what has been the primary cause of conflicts in Chechnya, Azerbaijan, and Bosnia? (1) religious and ethnic tensions (2) adoption of capitalism (3) poor health care and starvation (4) efforts at Russification

Cold war Fall-out Which statement about the Balkan Peninsula since 1995 is most accurate? (1) Bosnia-Herzegovina and Croatia are now both controlled by Yugoslavia. (2) Ethnic tensions and conflict continue to be a problem in much of the region. (3) Slobodan Milosevic of Serbia became the first democratically elected leader of the region. (4) The Balkan Peninsula has become one of the most prosperous regions in Europe.

Cold war Fall-out Ethnic cleansing in Bosnia, the killing fields of Cambodia (Kampuchea), and the dirty war in Argentina are all examples of (1) nationalist revolts (2) human rights violations (3) international terrorism (4) religious conflicts