Matt Lebsock Chris Kummerow Graeme Stephens Tristan L’Ecuyer

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Presentation transcript:

Matt Lebsock Chris Kummerow Graeme Stephens Tristan L’Ecuyer Comparison of warm rain detection and quantification from spaceborne passive microwave and radar sensors Matt Lebsock Chris Kummerow Graeme Stephens Tristan L’Ecuyer

Questions What does CloudSat tell us about warm rain? How does this compare with AMSR/E and PR? Can this inform our understanding of the capabilities of GPM?

The Roll of Various Satellite Rainfall Sensors Passive Microwave (e.g. AMSR/E) Long term climate record & Frequent global sampling Imprecise, Cloud/Rain separation TRMM-Precipitation Radar (PR) The standard Minimum detectable signal (0.5 – 1.0 mmh-1) CloudSat-Cloud Profiling Radar (CPR) Extreme sensitivity to light rain Signal saturates in heavy rain Complementary role (light rain)

CloudSat Algorithm Sensitivity: Reflectivity vs. Attenuation Observations Challenges Attenuation Multiple-scattering Limited sensitivity at high rates Opportunities Extreme sensitivity to light/moderate rain ~1km Spatial resolution Useful for quantifying rain from shallow isolated moist convection that other sensors may miss Rain Rates Attenuation Solution Reflectivity Solution Lebsock & L’Ecuyer, 2011 JGR

Precipitation Occurrence from CloudSat

Warm Rain Distribution Global annual average intensity = 0.23 mmd-1 ~7% of global precipitation Areas of largest accumulation: East-Pacific ITCZ Subtropical cumulus regimes (not Scu) Liu & Zipser, 2009 J. Clim.

CloudSat-AMSR/E GPROF Comparison AMSR-E subset to CloudSat ground Track Common Data screening: 1 degree boxes in which CloudSat observes no clouds colder than 273 K retained. Warm rain near deep convection or cirrus screened. Missed Accumulation (89%) Missed Accumulation (11%) Large regional bias remains

GPROF database bias GPROF database is stratified in terms of SST and CWV GPROF database is built from TRMM-PR/TMI observations Bias inherent in the PR will manifest itself in AMSR/E product. Regime dependent biases separate sharply Extended Database

CloudSat-TRMM/PR Comparison Hit Miss TRMM-PR 429 133 4204 77139 Colocation mismatch: Requires bias adjustment Year: 2006, DOY: 227, 2oS, 95oE, CloudSat Granual: 01594 PR Probability of warm rain detection = (11.8%) (unadjusted = 9.3%) PR/CloudSat warm rain accumulation (46.6%) Weighted by area Oceanic TRMM region

PR probability of detection: resolution vs. sensitivity limited Sensitivity limited

Implication for GPM: Sensitivity ~88% ~42% GPM These figures show global means integrated over all areas (land&ocean)

Implication for GPM: Resolution Occurrence Accumulation 14% Rough estimate of spatial resolution effects on PR/DPR accumulation Occurrence dominated (60%) by events with horizontal dimensions < 5 km

Summary CloudSat provides a unique view of warm rain that complements the TRMM-PR and passive microwave sensors. Global mean warm rain rate ~ 0.23 mm/day (~7% of the global rainfall) AMSR/E captures ~89% of warm rain accumulation Huge improvement in new GPROF2010 product Significant regional biases remain TRMM-PR captures ~45% of warm rain accumulation. Outlook for GPM-DPR is positive Can reasonably expect this ‘observed accumulation’ to be greater than 88% based on increased sensitivity and 86% based on resolution (>74%). 98-99% of total rain accumulation