PSYC 3450 Experimental Psychology Alla Chavarga

Course Syllabus Syllabus review On the importance of emails Attendance / Lecture vs. Lab, attending other lab Course Format: Lecture & Lab Required Textbook – OER https://crumplab.github.io/ResearchMethods/

CHAPTER 1 Scientific Thinking in Psychology Why take this course? How do we come to know things? Science as a way of knowing Psychological Science vs. Pseudoscience Goals of Research

Why take this course? Learn how to do research in Psychology Process vs. content Informed and critical consumption of information Responsibility as a clinician How to Get into Grad School 101

How do we come to know things? I know three things: Correlation does not prove causation. Socrates has ten fingers. The sun will come up tomorrow. Authority Reason (a priori) Experience (a priori) Empiricism

How do we come to know things? Empiricism – the process of learning things through direct observation or experience, and reflecting on those experiences. Sounds legit. What could be wrong about this method? Social Cognition Biases Belief perseverance – the tendency to hold on to a belief, even in the face of contradictory evidence. Confirmation Bias – tendency to seek out information only in support of belief, ignoring contradictory information. Availability heuristic – tendency to overestimate the frequency with which unusual or memorable events occur

Science as a way of knowing Scientific Method - the most reliable way to develop a belief; independent of pre-existing bias and opinion. Hypothesis  Experiment  Conclusion Assumptions Determinism Discoverability All events have causes. Statistical determinism. Through systematic observation, these causes can be found.

Science as a way of knowing Scientific methods are characterized by objectivity. Scientists need not be perfect; their results simply need be publicly verified and replicated. Specific, detailed descriptions of method. Scientists are data-driven. Science produces tentative conclusions. Science asks answerable questions. Science develops theories that can be disproven.

Psychological Science vs. Pseudoscience Pseudoscience: any field of inquiry that appears to be scientific but is based on inadequate scientific methods and typically produces false conclusions. May seem convincing! Anecdotal evidence; effort justification Sidesteps disproof

Science as a way of knowing Some important concepts: Hypothesis Theory – a set of statements that summarize what is known about some phenomenon and propose working explanations for those phenomena. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RRdAe3UAIVs Falsification

The Goals of Research Description Prediction Explanation Application