Importance of Plants Plants and People.

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Presentation transcript:

Importance of Plants Plants and People

Produce virtually all our food Provide medicine Influences Earth’s cycles water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and mineral nutrients

Botany Study of plants More than 350,000 plant species Fewer than 20 plant species provide our food

Cultivation Approx. 11,000 yrs ago in Middle East Wheat, barley, lentil, and peas 1st domesticated Agriculture Cultivar (Cultivated and variety) Specific characteristic selected by humans

Food Crops Classified partly by use and family Cereals Rice, wheat, corn, oats, sorghum, rye, and millet 50% of worldwide calories

Food Crops Root crops Roots or underground stems Rich in carbohydrates Beets, radishes, carrots, rutabagas, turnips, potatoes, and yams

Food Crops Legumes Peas, beans, soybeans Bear seeds in pods Improve nitrogen content in soil Symbiotic relationship with bacteria Rhizobium

Food Crops Fruits, Vegetables, and Nuts Spices, Herbs, and Favorings

Food Production Mass production of crops Fertilizers Pesticides Consequences Soil erosion Depletion of fossil fuel and water supplies Pollution and destruction of habitat

Nonfood Uses Medicines Clothing and Fabric Dyes Fuels Other Uses Ornamental Tourist attraction Energy conservation

Plants and the Environment Plant ecology Producers make food for consumers Photosynthesis Organic compounds Inorganic nutrients Maintenance of soil

Interactions Plant and animal Plant and microbe Plant and humans Pollination Seed dispersal Plant and microbe Plant and humans Food, shelter, medicine, etc Weeds Harmful plants

Critical Thinking Discuss how the artificial selection by humans play a role in the origin of agricultural crops? How is artificial selection similar to natural selection? Explain why plant materials entering the country are screened by government inspectors If all animals disappeared from the Earth, what would the positive and negative effects be on plants?