Chapter 4 The Union in Peril

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 4 The Union in Peril Section 2 The Civil War Begins

Union and Confederate Forces Clash Fort Sumter- 1st major event, won by Confederates. After start of war Virginia, Arkansas, N. Carolina, and Tennessee joined the South.

Strengths and Strategies Union Confederacy More people More factories More railroads Blockade the southern ports Split the Confederacy in two with Mississippi River Capture Richmond. 1st rate generals “King Cotton” Motivated Soldiers Remain defensive only attack if it is a great opportunity.

Bull Run- 1st bloodshed, Confederates held strong, inspired by “General Stonewall Jackson”. Morale for the South soared. Union Armies in the West-Went around to west for Mississippi River. The War for Capitols- Robert E. Lee drove the Confederates towards D.C. to gain control, which lead to the Battle of Antietam, which was indecisive.

The Politics of War Emancipation Proclamation- did not free slaves immediately, because it was only for slaves behind enemy lines. Was used as a war weapon, ensured compromise was not happening. Both Sides Face Political Unrest (sympathizers)

Life During Wartime Conscription- draft to force men to fight African Americans Fight For Freedom- 10% of the Union Army, faced segregation. Soldiers Suffer on Both Sides- poor medical care, poor diet, disease, death Women Work for War- Nurses. Most famous was Clara Barton who will start the Red Cross. Economic Effects of War- left south in ruins. Income tax began.

Vocabulary Fort Sumter Sumter-Last stronghold of the Union in the South. Bull Run Run-Spot of first bloodshed on the battlefield. Stonewall Jackson Confederate general, led battle at Bull Run. Ulysses S. Grant Grant-Union general, led forces in the West. Robert E. Lee Lee-Led confederates in protecting Confederate capitol. Antietam Antietam-Creek where bloodiest battle in the war took place. Emancipation Proclamation Executive order ending slavery in the Union. Conscription The draft. Clara Barton Founded the American Red Cross. Income Tax A tax that takes a specified percentage of an individual’s income.