Design of An Axial Compressor Stage for Jet Engines

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Presentation transcript:

Design of An Axial Compressor Stage for Jet Engines P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department Efficient Infrastructure to Infuse Life into Air...

Irreversible Adiabatic Stage of an Axial Flow Fan/Compressor p03s=p02s p02 p03 T03=T02 Rotor Losses Total Losses T02s T03s T p01 T01 s

Real Flow Past Compressor Blades

Stage Efficiency of a fan or Compressor For a required pressure ratio of a stage, rop,stage The power consumed by an irreversible stage is always higher than a reversible stage. Define stage efficiency as

Actual pressure Ratio of A fan or Compressor Stage

Compressor Blade geometry Vr1 Vr2 i Incidence angle, 1 -  b1  Deviation angle, 2 -  b2

Selection of Design Parameters A high pressure rise per stage will decrease the number of stages for a given overall pressure rise. A high pressure rise per stage is obtained using: High blade speed. High inlet flow velocity. High fluid deflection in rotor blades.

Blade Speed For a given rotor speed the velocity of the blade at the tip will be maximum. The centrifugal stress in the rotor blades depends on the rotational speed, the blade material and length of the blade. The maximum centrifugal stress is given by, b, hub-tip diameter ratio. K varies in the range 0.55 – 0.65.

Selection of Absolute Inlet Velocity Va1 Vr1

Selection of Flow velocity & Losses Vf/U Annulus Loss Secondary Loss Profile Loss

Fluid Deflection

Effect of Diffusion Factor on Frictional Losses Rotor Tip Losses Rotor Hub and Stator losses

Multi Stage Compression Loss in capacity due to variation of velocity is defined as work done factor. Work done factor, l, decrease with number of stages.

Sizing of A Compressor Stage There are five Primary non-dimensional variables Stage load coefficient or Work input coefficient Stage flow coefficient Stage reaction, R de Haller number, dH

Holistic Method of Mean Line Design Vr1 Va1 Va Vr2 Va2 Va3 Vr1 Va1 Va2 Vr2 Vf Vw

Smith Design Chart : R=50%

Smith Design Chart – R = 60%

Smith Design Chart – R = 70%

Irreversible Flow through Multi Stage Fan & Compressor 1VIs 4VIa 2s 1Vs 4Va 1IVs 4IVa 1IIIs 1IIIa T 1IIs 1IIa 1Is 1Ia 1 s

Variable Speed operation of Compressor

Hybrid Compressor