Français III – Leçon 7A Structures

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Presentation transcript:

Français III – Leçon 7A Structures The subjunctive (part 3) Possessive pronouns

The subjunctive (Part 3) Verbs of doubt, disbelief, and uncertainty The subjunctive is used in a subordinate clause when there is a change of subject and the main clause implies doubt, disbelief, or uncertainty. MAIN CLAUSE CONNECTOR SUBORDINATE CLAUSE Je doute que le concert soit bon. (I doubt that the concert is good.)

Expressions of doubt, disbelief, and uncertainty douter que… to doubt that… ne pas croire que… not to believe that… ne pas penser que… not to think that… Il est douteux que… It is doubtful that…

Il est impossible que… It is impossible that… Il n’est pas certain que… It is uncertain that… Il n’est pas sûr que… It is not sure that… It is untrue that… Il n’est pas vrai que…

The indicative is used in a subordinate clause when the main clause expresses certainty. On sait que l’histoire finit mal. (We know the story ends badly.) Il est certain qu’elle comprend. (It is certain that she understands.)

Expressions of certainty croire que… to believe that… penser que… to think that… savoir que… to know that… Il est certain que… It is certain that…

Il est sûr que… Il est vrai que… Il est clair que… Il est évident que… It is sure that… Il est vrai que… It is true that… Il est clair que… It is clear that… Il est évident que… It is obvious that…

Crois-tu que cet acteur fasse un bon Charles de Gaulle? Sometimes a speaker may opt to use the subjunctive in a question to indicate that he or she feels doubtful or uncertain of an affirmative response. Crois-tu que cet acteur fasse un bon Charles de Gaulle? (Do you believe that actor makes a good Charles de Gaulle?) Est-il vrai que vous partiez déjà en vacances? (Is it true that you’re already leaving on vacation?)

Present subjunctive of aller, pouvoir, savoir, vouloir que je/j’ que tu qu’il/elle que nous que vous qu’ils/elles aille puisse sache veuille ailles puisses saches veuilles aille puisse sache veuille allions puissions sachions voulions alliez puissiez sachiez vouliez aillent sachent veuillent puissent

Possessive pronouns In French I, you learned about possessive adjectives: Mon frère, ma sœur, mes parents Ton frère, ta sœur, tes parents Son frère, sa sœur, ses parents Notre frère/sœur, nos parents Votre frère/sœur, vos parents Leur frère/sœur, leurs parents Now you will learn about possessive pronouns and how they are different in French and English.

Possessive pronouns are the words which replace nouns modified by possessive adjectives. In French, the possessive pronouns have different forms depending on whether the noun is masculine or feminine, singular or plural. Examples: Je connais ton frère, mais je ne connais pas le sien. (I know your brother, but I don’t know his/hers.) Ils aiment mes pommes, mais ils préfèrent les siennes. (They like my apples, but they prefer his/hers.)

Possessive Pronouns Masculine Singular Feminine Plural plural le mien la mienne les miens les miennes mine le tien la tienne les tiens les tiennes yours (fam/sing) le sien la sienne les siens les siennes his/hers/its le nôtre la nôtre les nôtres les nôtres ours le vôtre la vôtre les vôtres les vôtres yours (form/pl) le leur la leur les leurs les leurs theirs

French and English possessive pronouns are very similar in usage French and English possessive pronouns are very similar in usage. They can refer to an object or a person The French possessive pronouns consist of two parts: the definite article and the possessive word. Both parts must agree in number and gender with the noun to which they refer. Ils aiment mes pièces, mais ils préfèrent les tiennes. (tes pièces) (They like my plays, but they prefer yours.)

Possessive pronouns, like possessive adjectives, reflect the object or person possessed, NOT the possessor. sa voiture  his car la sienne (referring to the car)  his sa voiture  her car la sienne (referring to the car)  hers

The articles le and les of the possessive pronouns contract with à. à + le mien  au mien à + la mienne  à la mienne à + les miens  aux miens à + les miennes  aux miennes Tu vas téléphoner à mes amis ou aux tiens? (Are you going to call my friends or yours?)

de + la mienne  de la mienne The articles le and les of the possessive pronouns contract also with de. de + le mien  du mien de + la mienne  de la mienne de + les miens  des miens de + les miennes  des miennes Les critiques parlent de votre tragédie, pas de la nôtre. (The critics are talking about your tragedy, not ours. )

With the indefinite pronoun on, always use the masculine possessive pronoun le sien/les siens. When the possessive pronoun is used after the verb être, use the expression être à + [noun/disjunctive pronoun], instead of a possessive pronoun. You can however use the possessive pronouns after the expressions C’est and Ce sont. On est fier des siens. (One is proud of one’s own [people].) Ce pull est à Nathan. Ce pull est à lui. (This sweater belongs to Nathan.) (This sweater belongs to him.) C’est la nôtre. Ce sont les miennes. (It’s ours.) (These are mine.)