Chapter 3 ENGLISH COLONIES

MIDDLE COLONIES Colonies- NY, NJ, DE, PA Climate/Geography – Mid-Atlantic region temperate in climate with warm summers and cold winters. Geography = coastal plains along the coastline, piedmont (rolling hills) in the middle, and mountains farther inland. good coastal harbors for shipping. Climate and land were ideal for agriculture. These colonies were known as the “breadbasket” (barley, wheat, oats, and rye) Religion – Varied Religious tolerance attracted immigrants from a wide-range of foreign countries who practiced many different religions. Quakers, Catholics, Jews, Lutherans and Presbyterians Economy – TRADE! successful and diverse economy. Largely agricultural (most notably grains and oats) = staple crops Logging, shipbuilding, textiles production, and papermaking Big cities such as Philadelphia and New York = major shipping hubs, craftsmen such as blacksmiths, silversmiths, cobblers, wheelwrights, wigmakers, milliners, and others contributed to the economies of such cities.

NEW YORK & NEW JERSEY Settlers: Reasons for settlement: Dutch and English Reasons for settlement: to make money Climate and geography: cold winters and hot summers; wetlands and forested mountains Religion: various faiths Government: British-appointed governor and council; eventually an elected assembly

PENNSYLVANIA & DELAWARE Settlers: English Quakers led by William Penn Reasons for settlement: to safely practice their religion Climate and geography: cold winters and hot summers; rolling hills and fertile soil Economy: farming, trade, lumbering, and shipbuilding Delaware had more trade Religion: various faiths Government: elected assembly