Who defines Tangible Interaction? An Encompassing View Data-Centered View (Computer Science, HCI) Physical representation and manipulation of digital data Interactive coupling with digital information [Ullmer and Ishii 2000] Perceptual-Motor-Centered View (Industrial Design) Bodily interaction with physical (graspable) objects Movement expressiveness and detail [Djajadiningrat et. al. 200x, Buur et al 2004] Space-Centered View (Architecture, Arts) Combination of real space, real objects and virtual displays Interactive systems with tangible devices as integral part of real space [Ciolfi 2004, Bongers 2002]

A broad view on tangible interaction Broad scope of systems and interfaces Tangibility / Materiality Physical embodiment of data Bodily / Embodied interaction Embedded in real space Combines approaches/ perspectives from Computer Science, HCI Industrial Design Architecture, Arts Summary of previous slide - my view encompasses these approaches - deliberately broad view, not excluding Interesting related systems by definition, not limiting designs apriori, but focusing on a style of bodily interaction Each of approaches limited scope, can learn from each other, converge - synergy

Tangible Interaction Tangible Manipulation Spatial Interaction Embodied Facilitation Expressive Representatio n Haptic Direct Manipulation Inhabited Space Embodied Constraints Representational Significance Configurable Materials Lightweight Interaction Non-fragmented Visibility Multiple Access Points Externalization Full Body Interaction TANGIBLE MANIP. refers to: reliance on material representations, physically manipulated. SPATIAL INTERACTION : tangible interaction is embedded in real space & interaction by movement in space. EMBODIED FACIL: configuration of material objects and space affects and directs emerging group behavior. EXPRESSIVE REP.: use of material and digital representations, their expressiveness and legibility, their relations. Isomorph Effects Performative Action Tailored Representations Perceived Coupling