Capacitors for RF Applications Michael P. Busse Vice President

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Chapter 9 Capacitors.
Advertisements

Chapter 15 Capacitance and RC Circuits © Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only. Objectives Define capacitance.
Basic Electronics Ninth Edition Basic Electronics Ninth Edition ©2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies Grob Schultz.
Capacitors for RF Applications Michael P. Busse Vice President Dielectric Laboratories, Inc 2777 Rte. 20 East Cazenovia, NY
Introductory Circuit Analysis Robert L. Boylestad
Capacitors Capacitance is the ability of a component to store energy in the form of an electrostatic charge. A Capacitor is a component designed to provide.
Energy Storage Devices. Objective of Lecture Describe the construction of a capacitor and how charge is stored. Introduce several types of capacitors.
Capacitors1 THE NATURE OF CAPACITANCE All passive components have three electrical properties Resistance, capacitance and inductance Capacitance is a measure.
Capacitance Al Penney VO1NO.
2. Capacitor ConstructionTheory Support Electronics - AC Circuits 1 of 13 Capacitor Construction Topics covered in this presentation: Capacitor Construction.
Capacitance and Dielectrics
Energy Storage Devices. Capacitors Composed of two conductive plates separated by an insulator (or dielectric). Commonly illustrated as two parallel metal.
Inductance and Capacitance
M053 Review for Units 1 and What are other terms for rise and decay of current and voltage in a circuit?
ELECTRICAL SKILLS CAPACITORS. FUNCTION OF A CAPACITOR Capacitors are used in electrical circuits to store electrical charges.
Capacitors and Inductors. Introduction Resistor: a passive element which dissipates energy only Two important passive linear circuit elements: 1)Capacitor.
1. Proper understanding of the definition of capacitors. 2. Identify the relationship between a resistor and a capacitor. 3. Calculate capacitance in.
Storey: Electrical & Electronic Systems © Pearson Education Limited 2004 OHT 13.1 Capacitance and Electric Fields  Introduction  Capacitors and Capacitance.
A capacitor is a device that stores electrical potential energy by building up a difference in charge on two pieces of metal.
Capacitors and Inductors.  A capacitor is a device that stores an electrical charge  It is made of two metallic plates separated by an insulator or.
Chapter 12.
OSCILLATION SUPPRESSION COMPONENT INVESTIGATION: CAPACITANCE AS A FUNCTION OF TEMPERATURE AND VOLTAGE MICHAEL GURR ME304 FALL 2012.
18-3: Capacitance Objectives: Relate capacitance to the storage of electrical potential energy in the form of separated charges. Calculate the capacitance.
Energy Storage Devices Prepared By : Shingala Nital ( ) Paghdal Radhika ( ) Bopaliya Mamta ( ) Guided By : Prof. Tank.
Fall 2001ENGR201 Capacitance & Inductance1 Capacitor, also called electrical condenser, device for storing an electrical charge. In its simplest form a.
1 © Unitec New Zealand DE4401 DC C APACITANCE AND CAPACITORS.
Electric Circuits Fundamentals
Fundamentals of Electric Circuits Chapter 6
Capacitors. What is a capacitor? Electronic component Two conducting surfaces separated by an insulating material Stores charge Uses –Time delays –Filters.
Chapter 10 Capacitors and Capacitance. 2 Capacitance Capacitor –Stores charge –Two conductive plates separated by insulator –Insulating material called.
DC electronics Resistance and Capacitance. Resistance Because electrons have mass and are held in place by polarity “bonds” – energy is consumed to dislodge.
Introduction  The fundamental passive linear circuit elements are the  resistor (R),  capacitor (C)  inductor (L).  These circuit.
16 Capacitance Chapter Topics Covered in Chapter 16
Chapter 12 Principles of Electric Circuits, Conventional Flow, 9 th ed. Floyd © 2010 Pearson Higher Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ All Rights.
Capacitors are one of the fundamental passive components. In its most basic form, it is composed of two conductive plates separated by an insulating dielectric.
Chapter 24 Capacitance, Dielectrics, Energy Storage.
Capacitance, Dielectrics, Energy Storage
EGR 1011 Capacitors Chapter 12. EGR 1012 Capacitance – the ability of a component to store energy by accumulating charge A capacitor is a circuit component.
1 AGBell – EECT by Andrew G. Bell (260) Chapter 17 Capacitance.
Introduction to Capacitors
Capacitors The capacitor is an element that continuously stores charge (energy), for later use over a period of time! In its simplest form, a capacitor.
Chapter 11 Capacitance. 2 Objectives –After completing this chapter, the student should be able to: Explain the principles of capacitance. Identify the.
Electrical Energy and Capacitance Capacitance. Capacitors and Charge Storage Capacitor – acts as a storehouse of charge and energy –Typically consists.
ELEMENTS OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING PRESENTATION ON OHM’LAW PRESENTED BY :Jahnavi tadvi( ) Parita limbad( ) Parmar charandasi( )
Capacitors AC Circuits I. Capacitors and Capacitance: An Overview Capacitance – the ability of a component to store energy in the form of an electrostatic.
Chapter 9 CAPACITOR.
TECHNOLOGIES ESO 4 UNIT 1: ELECTRICITY AND ELECTRONICS ANALOGIC ELECTRONICS (PART 1)
Chapter 9 Capacitors. Objectives Describe the basic structure and characteristics of a capacitor Discuss various types of capacitors Analyze series capacitors.
FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING [ ENT 163 ] LECTURE #5a CAPACITORS AND INDUCTORS HASIMAH ALI Programme of Mechatronics, School of Mechatronics Engineering,
PROPERTIES OF CAPACITOR
EE 1270: Introduction to Electric Circuits
Chapter 17 Preview Objectives Electrical Potential Energy
Electric Circuits Fall, 2014
Chapter 17 Section 1 Electric Potential Objectives
Capacitors Capacitance is the ability of a component to store energy in the form of an electrostatic charge. A Capacitor is a component designed to provide.
Chapter 11 Capacitance.
Capacitance Capacitance occurs whenever electrical conductors are separated by a dielectric, or insulating material. Applying a voltage to the conductors.
Construction of Mica Capacitor And Its Application
Capacitance and Dielectrics
Capacitors A capacitor is a device for storing charge and electrical potential energy. All capacitors consists of two metal plates separated by an insulator.
WORKSHOP PRACTICE WEEK-3 OBJECTIVE OF LAB-2 To be familiar with the capacitor and the inductor.
electronics fundamentals
Potential Difference and Capacitance
Fundamentals of Electric Circuits Chapter 6
Capacitance Capacitance occurs whenever electrical conductors are separated by a dielectric, or insulating material. Applying a voltage to the conductors.
Chapter 9 Capacitors.
Review: Ohm’s Law Formulas
Capacitance Capacitance occurs whenever electrical conductors are separated by a dielectric, or insulating material. Applying a voltage to the conductors.
Automotive Technology Principles, Diagnosis, and Service
Presentation transcript:

Capacitors for RF Applications Michael P. Busse Vice President Dielectric Laboratories, Inc 2777 Rte. 20 East Cazenovia, NY 13035 315-655-8710 315-655-8179 www.dilabs.com

Purpose To familiarize users with the basic properties of Ceramic Capacitors and To demonstrate “CapCad”, a modeling and selection methodology.

Outline Application of Capacitors Capacitor Structures Terminology and Definitions Electrical Properties Physical Characteristics Mounting Considerations Capacitor Models CapCad Conclusions

Applications Ceramic Capacitor technology covers a wide range of product types, based upon a multitude of dielectric materials and physical configurations. All are basically storage devices for electrical energy which find use in varied applications in the electronics industry including the following: Discharge of Stored Energy Blockage of DC Current Coupling of Circuit Components By-Passing of an AC Signal Frequency Discrimination Transient Voltage and Arc Suppression

Structures Multi Layer MLC Single Layer SLC Two plates separated by a dielectric. Simple to fabricate Area/thickness limited Cap Ranges of .05 pF to 2000 pF Multi Layer MLC A parallel array of capacitors in a common structure. High C/V can be achieved More complex to manufacture Cap Ranges of .10 pF to 5100 pF

Definitions Capacitor – A device for storing electrical energy. The simplest form is two separate parallel plates with a non-conducting (dielectric) substance between them. The amount of energy that can be stored depends on the Area (A), Dielectric Constant (K), and the Thickness (t) of the dielectric. C=KA(.2246)/t (.2246 is a conversion factor in English, for Metric 0.0884). The area can be manipulated by the structure. Capacitance – A unit of measure describing the electrical storage capacity of a capacitor. Capacitance is measured in farads, microfarad (millionth of a farad), nanofarad (billionth of a farad or 10-9), or in picofarad (trillionth of a farad or 10-12). Dielectric – Any material which has the ability to store electrical energy. In a DLI capacitor, it is non-conducting ceramic between the plates. In general, capacitors can utilize any dielectrics such as air, or naturally occurring dielectrics such as mica.

Definitions Classes of Dielectrics – Two basic groups (Class 1 and Class 2) are used in the manufacture of ceramic chip capacitors. Class 1 dielectrics display the most stable characteristics of frequency, voltage, time and temperature coefficients (TC). TC is expressed as a % of capacitance change from a reference or parts per million per degree C (ppm/ºC). Class 2 dielectrics offer much higher dielectric constants but with less stable properties with temperature, voltage, frequency, and time. TC is expressed as a % change from a reference (+- 15% over some range of temperature)

Common Dielectrics Vacuum 1.0 Air 1.004 Mylar 3 Paper 4 to 6 Mica Glass 3.7 to 19 Alumina 9.9 Ceramics 5 to 18000 +

Definitions Dielectric Constant (K) – The calculated measurement of a material which defines its capacity to store electrical energy. A higher “K” signifies a higher capacitance per unit at the test temperature. Electrode – The metallic plates that are the top and bottom of a single dielectric layer. In a SLC (Single Layer Capacitor), the outer metallized plates form the electrodes. In an MLC (Multi Layer Capacitor), the metal print that alternates between the ceramic layers form the electrodes.

Electrical Properties IR = Insulation Resistance DC Resistance which is a function of the dielectric. It is the ability of the capacitor to oppose the flow of electricity at a given direct voltage. DF = Dissipation Factor Loss Tangent is the ratio of energy “used up” by a working capacitor divided by the amount of energy stored over a definite period of time. It is a measure of the capacitors operating efficiency. ESR = Equivalent Series Resistance The effective resistance to the passage of RF energy

Electrical Properties Dielectric Withstanding Voltage (DWV) is a measurement of the electrical strength of the dielectric at 2½ times the rated voltage. Temperature Coefficient (TC) is a measure of how the capacitance changes with temperature. Tolerance is the amount of variation allowed from a target value. It is normally expressed as an Alpha character, for example a “J’ tolerance would be + 5%. Voltage Conditioning is a test that applies heat and voltage to the parts for a set number of hours to accelerate failure mechanisms and identify rejects.

Q Q = Quality Factor is a numeric expression of the relative loss of a capacitor. Most commonly described as the storage factor of a capacitor and is the reciprocal of the Dissipation Factor. Q is defined as Q=1/2πFC(ESR) F=frequency C=capacitance For any given capacitance at a given frequency, the highest Q part will have the lowest ESR

Physical Considerations Size equates to Voltage Rating Larger case sizes have greater voltage capabilities Smaller case sizes have higher series resonance characteristics The separation between the internal electrodes dominates voltage rating The dielectric has to be an insulator The dielectric will determine the properties of the capacitor

Mounting Considerations

Capacitor Models Reasonable prediction to the first series resonance Predicted behavior above series resonance doesn’t match observed results.

Transmission Line Model Treats the capacitor as an open circuited transmission Line Results closely match measured data

CapCad V3 Modeling software to simplify the selection of the right capacitor. Easy to use graphical interface Export and Import s2p files Smith chart graphing Includes Spice Modeling Link:CapCadV3 and CapCal

Conclusion Capacitors present more of a challenge to selection than just the capacitance The Physical as well as the Electrical properties must be taken into consideration Proper Modeling Tools can simplify the selection Thank You !