Single Displacement Reactions Activity Series Single Displacement Reactions

Single displacement reaction One element in a compound is displaced (or replaced) by another element A  +  BX  →    AX  +  B   AX  +  Y  →    AY + X Remember - a metal will replace a metal - a non metal will replace a non metal

Guidelines Treat hydrogen as a metal Treat acids as ionic compounds Eg. Treat hydrochloric acid as H+ Cl- Eg sulfuric acid as H+ H+ SO42- Treat water as ionic With the formula H+ (OH-) When in doubt about the charge for multivalent metals, use the most common valence Eg. Pb2+ (Most common is the charge written first on your periodic table) Eg Fe3+

Examples Replacement of a metal by a more active metal. Fe(s)  + CuSO4(aq)  → FeSO4(aq)  +  Cu(s) Replacement of hydrogen in water by an active metal. 2Na(s)  + 2H2O(l)  → 2NaOH(aq) +  H2(g) Replacement of hydrogen in steam by an active metal Mg(s)  +  H2O(g)  →    MgO(s)  +  H2(g) Replacement of hydrogen in acids by active metals. Zn(s)  +  2HCl(aq)  →    ZnCl2(aq)  +  H2(g) Replacement of nonmetals by more active nonmetals. Cl2(g)  +  2NaBr(aq)→ 2NaCl(aq)  +  Br2(l)

Less stable Pg 164 text & On your Periodic table Stable

Activity Series Ranks the relative reactivity of metals Determined experimentally Single Displacements will not always occur (NR means no reaction) A reactive metal will displace or replace any metal in a compound that is below it in the activity series

Question: Will magnesium displace barium?

Question: Will sodium displace cobalt?

Question: Will copper displace hydrogen from cold water?

Question: Will potassium displace hydrogen from cold water?

Question: Will magnesium displace hydrogen from an acid?

Practice Questions AgNO3 (aq) + Cu(s)  AgNO3 (aq) + Au(s) 

S.D. Involving the halogens Activity series same order as on periodic table A halogen will replace a halogen below it Most reactive F Cl Br Least reactive I Eg. Cl2(g) + KBr(aq) 