Crutches, Splinting, and Slings Objectives: -Understand why crutches are used -Understand how to fit crutches -Understand different ambulation types with crutches -Understand and demonstrate proper way to splint fracture

Crutches Uses Types of Ambulation Non weight bearing (NWB) Ex: Surgery, fracture/dislocation, painful ambulation secondary to injury Partial weight bearing Ex: mild injury (too much pain with normal walking), progression from NWB Types of Ambulation Three point gait (most common) Four point gait

Crutches and Stairs “Up with the good” “Down with the bad” Good= unaffected leg “Down with the bad” Bad= affected leg/crutches

Crutch Fitting Quick Fit Stand Tall (with shoes) Measure from axilla 1 inch or 3 fingers Measure from toes 2 inches up, 6 inches out Elbow Flexion 30 degrees http://www.canesgalore.com/images/Crutches%20(5).jpg

Single Crutch or Cane Should be on ________________ side of body? Moves with affected leg http://www.cgh.com.sg/library/images/english/rehab_crutch13.gif

Splinting Used to immobilize an area Types of Splints Ex: surgery, fracture/dislocation, severe injury not fitting categories above Types of Splints Cast Vacuum Splint SAM splint Anything rigid http://www.hkfsd.gov.hk/home/images/equipment/ ambulance/images/photo/Vacuum%20Splint%202.jpg

Splinting General Rules For fracture/dislocation, splint in position found (can move distal aspect if does not aggravate injury) Try to splint above and below area affected Check capillary refill before and after applying splint and bandage Nail Tip of finger with polished nails

Sling Used for upper extremity injuries requiring immobilization http://abledata.com/ product_images /images/003847.jpg Used for upper extremity injuries requiring immobilization Sometimes combined with splinting Arm should rest across body (90 degrees) or hand to level of the heart