Fruit Culture.

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Presentation transcript:

Fruit Culture

Fruit Culture Fruit Culture is a branch of horticulture that deals with the production, storage processing and marketing of fruits.

Fruit Botanically A fruit is developed ovary of a flower after fertilization has taken place Horticultural Sense Fruit is something which is eaten fresh and out of hand

Categorization of Fruits 1. Temperate Fruits 2. Sub Tropical Fruits 3. Tropical Fruits

Temperate Fruits Pome Fruits (Apples, Pears) Stone Fruits (Cherry, Apricot, Peach, Plums) Small Berry Fruits (Raspberry, Strawberry, Grapes)

Sub Tropical Fruits Avocado Citrus

Tropical Fruits Tropical countries are enriched with large number of fruits (Few Examples) Mango Durian Banana Rambutan Papaya Anonas Mangosteen Pineapple Cashew Pomegranate

Categorization of Tropical Fruits 1. Well Known 2. Less Well Known 3. Exotic

Well Known Fruits Fruits which are cultivated commercially and received sufficient Scientific attention e.g. Mango Citrus Pineapple Avacado Papaya Guava Banana

Less Well Known Fruits (Under Utilized) Fruits that are rarely found in the Market They have fairly narrow growing season Not Cultivated Commercially In adequate Scientific investigations

Exotic Fruits Fruits that are introduced from other countries Rambutan Durian Mangosteen

Importance of Fruits 1. Source of Nutrients (per 100g of fruit) Cal Proteins (g) Ca (mg) Fe Vit A IU Thiamin Vit C Banana 116 1.0 7.0 0.5 100 0.05 10 Mango 63 10.0 600 0.03 30 Pineapple 57 0.4 20.0 0.08 Papaya 39 0.6 20 1000 50 Cashew nut 590 5 - 0.06 Avocado 165 1.5 1 200 0.07 15 Rice 340

2. As a Foreign Exchange Fruit Volume (MT) Rs (Million) Pineapple 715 26.45 Banana 425 5.0 Mango 15 1.65 Avocado 0.5 0.02 Guava 0.01

3. Supply of valuable by products Papain –Papaya Oil - Cashew, Citrus 4. Use as ornamental trees 5. Use in Agro-forestry Systems

6. Environmental Importance e.g. Water Use efficiency Soil Conservation High Carbon Dioxide Fixation Support the Wild Life 7. Socio-economic Importance

Fruit Cultivation in Sri Lanka Total Area Under Cultivation -70,000 ha Annual Production - 560,000 t

Annual Cultivation and Production of Major Fruits in Sri Lanka Extent of Cultivation (ha) Annual Production (t) Banana 56589 405726 Mango 16107 67588 Lime 6652 62426 Pineapple 4046 43855 Orange 3840 13575 Papaw 2677 13933 Guava 2537 9989 Passion fruit 441 764

Constraints Land Scarcity Initial Lag Period of Low Farm Returns Difficulties in gaining foreign market Heavy Post Harvest Loses Un-availability of good planting materials Poor market facilities Poor Management

Solutions Financial Support- (Subsidy schemes, loans) New Cropping Systems Introduction of New Varieties Farmer training programs Rapid Multiplication techniques Improve Fruit Processing Industry