Pumps – Lectures 1 Outline: Where are pumps used Pumps, fans, compressor differences General HP and mechanical efficiency Types of Pumps Displacement Dynamic HW#9 Due 3/24 (download) or handout in class Reading: Handouts: ITT Goulds Pumps Centrifugal Pump Fundamentals (in class) read all for 3/24 Fluide Design Inc. Centrifugal Pump Fundamentals (download) Dr. C. L. Jones Biosystems and Ag. Engineering

Pumps, Fans, Compressors--Turbomachines Turbomachines: change energy level of flowing fluid by means of momentum exchange 2nd only to electric motors in number Wide spread in ALL industries Power units: cars/trucks, tractors Computers Grain elevators Oilfield Water supply/treatment Food processing And……. Dr. C. L. Jones Biosystems and Ag. Engineering

Pumps, Fans, Compressors--Turbomachines Differences between pumps, fans, compressors Pumps: move liquids Fans: move gases with little increase in pressure Compressors: move gases with greater increase in pressure Dr. C. L. Jones Biosystems and Ag. Engineering

Mechanical Efficiency Ratio: Power Output: English Units, HP: Efficiency Dr. C. L. Jones Biosystems and Ag. Engineering

Pump example 1 A pump provides 0.009 m^3/s of water and total head of 10.6 m. Determine the power output of the pump. If the power input is 1310 W, determine the mechanical efficiency of the pump. Pump Example 2, English Units Will be shown in class

Pumps Two types Flow rates Pressure Flow characteristics Displacement - plunger - piston - rotary Low High Pulsating Dynamic - centrifugal - jet - airlift Steady Flow Dr. C. L. Jones Biosystems and Ag. Engineering

Displacement Pumps Dr. C. L. Jones Biosystems and Ag. Engineering

Displacement Pumps Reciprocating and Piston Pumps Crank Connecting rods Pistons or plungers Vol. efficiencies > 97%, Mech. eff. approx. 90% For more stable flow, increase number of cylinders Dr. C. L. Jones Biosystems and Ag. Engineering

Displacement Pumps Rotary Pumps (gear, lobe, screw, vane) Most popular: gear pumps 90%+ mechanical eff. Relatively constant output Dr. C. L. Jones Biosystems and Ag. Engineering

Dynamic Pumps Centrifugal Relative simplicity Mech. eff. as high as 90% Can handle fluids containing suspended solids Ease of maintenance…good for food products 2 parts: impeller and casing Radial, mixed, axial flow Dr. C. L. Jones Biosystems and Ag. Engineering

Dr. C. L. Jones Biosystems and Ag. Engineering

Performance Curves Dr. C. L. Jones Biosystems and Ag. Engineering