Mr. Johnson World History II WHII.6c The English Civil War Mr. Johnson World History II WHII.6c

Unit Overview Liberal reforms: Limited monarchy, power in parliament, bills of rights Absolute monarchs New ideas of the Enlightenment Revolutions & Civil Wars Conservative backlash: Military dictatorships

English Traditions

Magna Carta Limited the power of the monarch Rule of law, not the changing whims of the king

Common Law Legal traditions established by court precedents, not written constitution

Trial by Jury of Peers

Anglican Church

James I, Absolute Monarch

Gunpowder Plot

Charles I, Absolute Monarch

English Civil War & Interregnum

Charles I, Absolute Monarch

Parliament Locked Out

English Civil War

Parliamentarian “Roundheads”

Loyalist “Cavaliers”

Execution of Charles I

Oliver Cromwell Winner of English Civil War “Inter-regnum” Parliamentarian Roundhead Puritan Became a strict military dictator “Inter-regnum” Time between kings

The Restoration

Charles II Son of beheaded King Charles I “Restored” to the throne when Cromwell died Rewarded his supporters with land grants in the Americas

James II Successor to Charles II Was hated by many English people His wife & son were Catholic He tried to become an absolute monarch

Development of Factions Disagreements in Parliament over James II’s rule led to political parties “Tories” Conservatives who supported James & wanted a strong monarchy “Whigs” Liberals who opposed James & wanted a limited monarchy

Glorious Revolution

Glorious Revolution, 1688

Glorious Revolution, 1688 “Bloodless Revolution” James II fled to France Protestant royals William & Mary became limited monarchs of England Increase of Parliamentary power, decrease of royal power Led to the English Bill of Rights

William & Mary

English Bill of Rights, 1689 Freedom of speech and petition Right to bear arms Rights of the accused No taxation without representation