THE WAR OF 1812 vs. James Madison King George III Again!

NEUTRALITY WITH BRITAIN WASHINGTON ADAMS JEFFERSON BRITAIN Washington, Adams, and Jefferson all tried to keep America NEUTRAL during the war between Britain and France---with limited success. FRANCE

Closing of ports to ships THE EMBARGO ACT OF 1807 Closing of ports to ships in and out What is an embargo? Before the embargo, U.S. ships took goods to Britain and France and other countries.

THE EMBARGO ACT OF 1807 The embargo did not allow ships to leave or enter the U.S. However, some U.S. ships illegally smuggled goods to Britain and France.

THE EMBARGO ACT OF 1807

THE EMBARGO ACT OF 1807 Jefferson imposed an embargo against Britain and France in an attempt to force the two nations to recognize US neutrality. Did the embargo succeed? This was a popular newspaper cartoon showing a snapping turtle (the embargo) biting a man (he represents the economy). No

THE WAR HAWKS James Madison was elected our 4th president in 1808. A group of young Congressmen called for war against Britain. They were called War Hawks, a term which is still with us today. Henry Clay John Calhoun

FIGHTING OUT WEST BEFORE THE WAR Americans fought the Indians out west in 1794 at the Battle of Fallen Timbers near present-day Detroit. It was named this because of all of the trees lying on the battlefield after a vicious storm.

FIGHTING OUT WEST BEFORE THE WAR Tecumseh led the Indians into many battles against the Americans. He was encouraged by British troops to stop the westward expansion of the Americans.

FIGHTING OUT WEST BEFORE THE WAR Tecumseh was eventually defeated by William Henry Harrison at the Battle of Tippecanoe in present-day Indiana. Harrison would later become our 9th president.

Impressment of a U.S. sailor CAUSES OF THE WAR Impressment of a U.S. sailor

Impressment of U.S. sailors British support of the Indians CAUSES OF THE WAR EFFECTS OF THE WAR Impressment of U.S. sailors War of 1812 Seizing of U.S. ships British support of the Indians

BRITISH STRATEGY FOR THE WAR Phase I Phase II Phase III The British established a blockade off the coast to prevent us from importing or exporting goods.

The next portion of your notes are from this area. MAJOR EVENTS OF THE WAR Phase I The next portion of your notes are from this area.

FIRST PHASE OF THE WAR: Northwest Territory and the Great Lakes Americans knew that it was important to secure the Northwest Territory from the Indians and the British. This was the only way that the U.S. could continue to expand westward. The U.S. battled Britain and Indians in what today is Michigan. They also battled each other on the waters of the Great Lakes.

The next portion of your notes are from this area. MAJOR EVENTS OF THE WAR Phase II The next portion of your notes are from this area.

SECOND PHASE OF THE WAR: Washington D.C. and Baltimore CAPITOL BUILDING The British attacked Washington DC in the summer of 1814, burning the Executive Mansion and the Capitol. After US forces re-occupied the city, the Executive Mansion was painted white to cover the burned exterior. It was previously whitewashed. WHITE HOUSE

SECOND PHASE OF THE WAR: Washington D.C. and Baltimore

SECOND PHASE OF THE WAR: Washington D.C. and Baltimore Grab that painting! Dolley Madison, the first lady, saved the portrait of George Washington from the burning building. Dolley Madison George Washington

SECOND PHASE OF THE WAR: Washington D.C. and Baltimore Francis Scott Key, a Baltimore lawyer, witnessed the defense of Fort McHenry. Inspired by the battle, he wrote “The Star Spangled Banner.”

Fort McHenry 30 feet 42 feet The flag is currently on display in the Smithsonian Institute in Washington D.C.

The Star Spangled Banner Oh, say can you see by the dawn's early light What so proudly we hailed at the twilight's last gleaming? Whose broad stripes and bright stars thru the perilous fight, O'er the ramparts we watched were so gallantly streaming? And the rocket's red glare, the bombs bursting in air, Gave proof through the night that our flag was still there. Oh, say does that star-spangled banner yet wave O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave?

FORT McHENRY TODAY

FORT McHENRY TODAY

FORT McHENRY TODAY

FORT McHENRY TODAY

FORT McHENRY TODAY

The next portion of your notes are from this area. MAJOR EVENTS OF THE WAR Phase I Phase II The next portion of your notes are from this area. Phase III

THIRD PHASE OF THE WAR: New Orleans The Treaty of Ghent was signed on December 24, 1814, officially ending the War of 1812. Andrew Jackson and his troops did not know about the treaty because of slow communication. They fought and defeated the British in the Battle of New Orleans. The battle was completely unnecessary.

Jackson Square in New Orleans THIRD PHASE OF THE WAR: New Orleans Jackson became a national hero and later the 7th president of the U.S. Jackson Square in New Orleans

NEW ORLEANS TODAY

NEW ORLEANS TODAY

NEW ORLEANS TODAY

CAUSES OF THE WAR EFFECTS OF THE WAR Impressment of U.S. sailors Increase in patriotism War of 1812 Increase of industrialization and self-reliance Seizing of U.S. ships Indian power was broken in the Northwest Territory British support of the Indians

THE BATTLE OF NEW ORLEANS by Johnny Horton In 1814, we took a little trip Along with Colonel Jackson down the mighty Mississip We took a little bacon and we took a little beans And we caught the bloody British in a town in New Orleans We fired our guns and the British kept a-comin' There wasn't nigh as many as there was a while ago We fired once more and they began to runnin' On down the Mississippi to the Gulf of Mexico We looked down the river and we seed the British come And there must have been a hunnered of 'em beatin' on the drum They stepped so high and they made the bugles ring We stood beside our cotton bales and didn't say a thing We fired our guns and the British kept a-comin' There wasn't nigh as many as there was a while ago We fired once more and they began to runnin' On down the Mississippi to the Gulf of Mexico Old Hick'ry said we could take 'em by surprise If we didn't fire our muskets till we looked 'em in the eye We held our fire till we seed their faces well Then we opened up our squirrel guns and really gave 'em... Well, we fired our guns and the British kept a-comin' There wasn't nigh as many as there was a while ago We fired once more and they began to runnin' On down the Mississippi to the Gulf of Mexico Yeah, they ran through the briars and they ran through the brambles And they ran through the bushes where a rabbit couldn't go They ran so fast that the hounds couldn't catch 'em On down the Mississippi to the Gulf of Mexico We fired our cannon till the barrel melted down So we grabbed an alligator and we fought another round We filled his head with cannon balls and powdered his behind And when we touched the powder off, the gator lost his mind! We fired our guns and the British kept a-comin' There wasn't nigh as many as there was a while ago We fired once more and they began to runnin' On down the Mississippi to the Gulf of Mexico Yeah, they ran through the briars and they ran through the brambles And they ran through the bushes where a rabbit couldn't go They ran so fast that the hounds couldn't catch 'em On down the Mississippi to the Gulf of Mexico