Introduction to Geography Mrs. Bowers U.S. History

GEOGRAPHY Geo – signifying earth or ground -graphy – study/description of Geography – study of human- environment interaction & movement Relationship between humans & their environment

Themes Location Place Region Movement Absolute Location: Exact position of a place on earth Relative Location: Relation to other places Place Factors that make areas different Region Area with similar characteristics that set it apart Movement Shifting of people, goods, & ideas from place to place

Map Types Physical Shows mountains, hills, plains, rivers, lakes, oceans, & other physical features

Map Types Political Shows political units like countries, states, districts, & towns Shaded with colors, symbols & uses borders

Map Types Historical Illustrates things like economic activity, migrations, battles, etc.

How to Read a Map Latitude Longitude Lines running east-west Measure’s N and S Longitude Lines running north-south Measures E and W Latitude/Longitude measure in degrees Total of 360º Equator Line circling the globe Halfway between North & South Pole

Parts of a Map Compass Rose Scale Symbols Labels Legend (Key) Points to 4 cardinal points North/South/East/West Scale Relationship of map to actual distance Symbols Represents items on the map Labels Words or phrases that explain various items or activities Legend (Key) Typically a box somewhere on the map Explains symbols on the map

Creating a Map T – Title (tell what it is, when it is, & where it is) O – Orientation (compass rose)…near the key D – Date A – Author (who published it) L – Legend (all abbreviations, colors, & symbols are explained) S – Scale (what distance does a unit of measure equal) *Must be on every map we create