Learning Objectives 1).You will understand the concepts of latitude and longitude. 2). You will be able to pinpoint locations given specific values of latitude and longitude.

Latitude VS Longitude Parallel Lines to the Equator (00 latitude) Memory Tips Parallel Lines to the Equator (00 latitude) Run East and West Horizontal Used to locate points North and South of the equator 0-900 Latitude sounds like ladder.. You use latitude to higher and lower locations on Earth just like ladder steps. The 1st part of the word latitude sounds like flat and flat runs horizontal or East and West.

Latitude VS Longitude Longitude Run East and West of Prime Meridian (00 longitude) Used to locate points East and West. 0-1800 Lines on a globe that run North and South are long and that coincides with LONGitude. There is an N in LONGitude and an N in North.

Latitude VS Longitude Cont… Important Markers Measured in Degree Minute 60 in every degree Seconds 60 in every minute Completely Parallel Lines 00 Latitude = Equator 22.50 North Latitude= Tropic of Cancer 22.50 South Latitude = Tropic of Capricorn

Latitude VS Longitude Cont… Measured in Degree Minute 60 in every degree Seconds 60 in every minute Extend Pole to Pole Semicircles Converge at Poles Diverge at Equator

Latitude VS Longitude Cont… Important Longitude Lines 00 Longitude = Prime Meridian 1800 Longitude = IDL International Date Line Where all time zones meet Significant time difference across the line

Time Zones = Latitude Lines 15 Degrees Longitude Doesn’t separate main cities/places International Date Line

Contour Line Discussion and Map construction 9/24/2012 1). You will understand what a contour line is. 2). You will understand when and how to use a depression contour. 3). You will understand the rules of Contour Mapping.

Should Your Maps All Look The Same? Why or Why Not? What could have caused them to look so differently?

Contour Lines On Topographic Maps At Equal Elevations When Do You Draw Them? What should contour lines look like? On Topographic Maps At Equal Elevations If an area is flat, then contour lines should be nicely spaced. If an area is steep, then contour lines should be very close together. Beginning to create smaller circles. Contour Interval: Constant Increase and/or Decrease in Elevation Between Contour Lines

Could you tell that your volcano model had a concave top? Why or Why Not? How could we fix this? Depression contours Hachures: Lines coming off depression contours at a right angle Always Point Downhill

Contour lines can tell us…. Gradient We can use labeled contour lines to calculate gradient. Change in elevation between a and b/Distance between a and b

Contour Mapping Rules 1). Contour Points Connect Lines of Equal Elevation. Every point on a line is at the exact same elevation. 2). Contour Lines Never Intersect or Cross. 3). Contour Lines Never Split or Divide. 4). Contour Lines Always Separate Points of Higher Elevation from Lower Elevation. 5).Contour Lines Always Close to Form an Irregular Circle.

Contour Mapping Rules Continued 6). The Closer Contour Lines are Together….The Steeper the Slope 7). A Hill is Represented by a Series of Closed Contours. 8). Depression Contours are Indicated by Hachure Marks.

Raft Role: Contractor, Geologist, Hiker, Runner, Skier, Mountain Biker, Home-Owner, City Planner, Mayor, and a Person on a Camping Trip. Audience: Contractor, Geologist, Hiker, Skier, Mountain Biker, Home-Owner, City Planner, Mayor, and a Person on a Camping Trip. Format: Letter, Cartoon/Comic, Rap, Poem, Essay, Advertisement, Advice Column, Application, Resume, Invitation, News Story. Topic: Contour Mapping Rules

Quick Review Get out a half sheet of paper Answer these quick questions: 1). What is a contour line? 2). What is a depression contour? 3). How can you tell a depression contour apart from a normal contour line? 4). What is a contour interval?

The Electromagnetic Spectrum 9/19/2011 1). Students will understand the concepts of wavelength and frequency. 2). Students will understand the relationship between wavelength and frequency. 3). Students will understand the basic components of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Energy Moves In Waves!! Types of Waves: EMS (Electromagnetic Spectrum) Waves Move…Particles Do Not Types of Waves: EMS (Electromagnetic Spectrum) Radio-Gamma Low-High Energy

Wavelength and frequency When the wave repeats itself Crest to Crest Trough to Trough Speed at which waves repeat themselves How many in a second Inversely related to wavelength.

Technology Uses 24 satellites Transmits microwaves Sonar: Sound Waves GPS Sonar and Satellites Uses 24 satellites Transmits microwaves Sonar: Sound Waves Landsat Satellite: Visible Light and Infrared Movement of plates, rivers, earthquakes, and pollution. Topex/Poseidon Satellite: Maps of ocean floors