Nat. Rev. Nephrol. doi: /nrneph

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Lecture outline Types of hypersensitivity reactions

Advertisements

B-cell mediated disease

Figure 1 Schematic representation of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome,

“Systemic Lupus Erythematosus” (SLE): Pathophysiology

Volume 72, Issue 6, Pages (September 2007)

“Systemic Lupus Erythematosus” (SLE)

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Tumor Immunity: Exploring the Role of a Checkpoint

Figure 1 CTLA-4 and PD-1–PD-L1 immune checkpoints

Figure 2 Cell-mediated disease mechanisms of lupus nephritis

Figure 6 Effects of adiponectin on podocyte function

Figure 4 Interactions between adipose, the microbiome and kidney

Figure 1 Mechanisms of kidney injury in the setting of obesity

Volume 82, Issue 2, Pages (July 2012)

Figure 1 Pathological features of lupus nephritis subtypes

Figure 2 Systemic immune responses to cryptococcal antigen

Figure 2 Heat map of targeted therapies in autoimmune diseases

Figure 7 The efficacy of phosphate-binder therapy

Nat. Rev. Nephrol. doi: /nrneph

The Th17 immune response in renal inflammation

Figure 2 Expression of complement activation products in renal samples

Figure 1 Targets for monoclonal antibodies in B-cell lineages

Nat. Rev. Nephrol. doi: /nrneph

Figure 3 Nucleic acid sensors in SLE

Nat. Rev. Nephrol. doi: /nrneph

Figure 5 Comparison of outcomes with belimumab or rituximab therapy

Figure 3 TNFSF activities enhancing immune cell activation

Nat. Rev. Nephrol. doi: /nrneph

Figure 2 Co-stimulatory receptors as immunomodulatory targets

Figure 4 Combination immunotherapeutic approaches with imatinib

Figure 2 Molecular pathways involved in the regulation of T-cell differentiation and cytokine production Figure 2 | Molecular pathways involved in the.

Nat. Rev. Rheumatol. doi: /nrrheum

Figure 4 Macrophage-targeting antitumour treatment approaches

Nat. Rev. Urol. doi: /nrurol

Figure 2 Prevention of antigen–antibody

Figure 2 Roles of mTOR complexes in the kidney

Nat. Rev. Nephrol. doi: /nrneph

Figure 2 Altered innate immune functions after sepsis

Nat. Rev. Nephrol. doi: /nrneph

Nat. Rev. Nephrol. doi: /nrneph

Figure 4 The molecular configuration of the CD20 molecule

Nat. Rev. Nephrol. doi: /nrneph

Biological Therapies for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Nat. Rev. Nephrol. doi: /nrneph

B-Cell-Directed Therapy for Inflammatory Skin Diseases

Nat. Rev. Rheumatol. doi: /nrrheum

during the alloimmune response

Figure 2 Site of action of checkpoint inhibitors and agonists being

Complement in Kidney Disease: Core Curriculum 2015

Figure 3 Current model of immunopathogenesis in CIDP

Figure 3 Pathological activation of complement

Figure 3 Biologics that attenuate effector responses in the kidney

Nat. Rev. Rheumatol. doi: /nrrheum

Figure 1 The current model of the pathogenesis of SLE

Celiac Disease: From Pathogenesis to Novel Therapies

Nat. Rev. Nephrol. doi: /nrneph

Figure 2 Adaptive immunity in atherosclerosis

Nat. Rev. Rheumatol. doi: /nrrheum

Nat. Rev. Nephrol. doi: /nrneph

Figure 2 Biologics that target CD4+ T helper (TH)-cell subsets

Figure 1 Sequence of events in the development of autoimmune nephritis

Complement in Kidney Disease: Core Curriculum 2015

Figure 3 Preventive strategies for CSA-AKI

Figure 2 Cellular contributions to the development of SLE

Basophils and mast cells in renal injury

Understanding the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy reveals therapeutic targets. Understanding the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy reveals therapeutic targets.

EULAR Lupus Nephritis Trials Network Study Group

Novel therapies target the principal components of the immune system that contribute to LN pathogenesis. Novel therapies target the principal components.

Integrating intestinal microbiota into systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) pathogenesis. Integrating intestinal microbiota into systemic lupus erythematosus.

(A–E) demonstrate a kidney biopsy from a patient with lupus nephritis (LN) class V. Representative micrographs: (A), an inflammatory infiltrate with T.

Presentation transcript:

Nat. Rev. Nephrol. doi:10.1038/nrneph.2017.85 Figure 3 Therapeutic targets in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and lupus nephritis Figure 3 | Therapeutic targets in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and lupus nephritis. Greater understanding of the pathogenic processes underlying lupus nephritis has led to the identification of new therapeutic targets. B cells have a critical role in the pathogenesis of SLE, and B-cell depletion therapy therefore remains an attractive therapeutic option. The anti-CD20 antibody, rituximab, can deplete autoreactive B cells and thereby attenuate the production of autoantibodies involved in disease manifestations. The B-cell-activating factor (BAFF)-neutralizing antibody, belimumab, was shown to reduce renal flares and proteinuria in patients with SLE. Other promising B cell-depleting monoclonal antibodies, such as tabalumab and epratuzumab, require further testing. Abatacept is a co-stimulatory inhibitor that targets B7-1 (CD80) on the surface of dendritic cells or B cells, and blocks co-stimulation of CD28 on T cells. Inhibitors of the complement system, such as eculizumab and CCX-168 could have therapeutic value in patients with concurrent thrombotic microangiopathy or anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis. Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) have immune modulatory effects but also direct effects on podocytes, and might be useful in patients with lupus-associated podocyte injury. Inhibition of the apoptosis regulator BCL-2 prevented the development of tubulointerstital inflammation in a mouse model of lupus nephritis. IL-23 activation might have a role in the development of glomerular crescents, suggesting that anti-IL-23 antibodies might be beneficial. Other promising therapies that need further exploration include infliximab, which targets the inflammatory tumour necrosis factor (TNF), sirukumab, which targets inflammatory IL-6, and monoclonal antibodies to interferon (IFN). GBM, glomerular basement membrane; TH17, T helper type 17 cell. Yu, F. et al. (2017) Redefining lupus nephritis: clinical implications of pathophysiologic subtypes Nat. Rev. Nephrol. doi:10.1038/nrneph.2017.85