THORACIC VERTEBRAE (Human Osteology)

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Presentation transcript:

THORACIC VERTEBRAE (Human Osteology) VERTEBRAL COLUMN THORACIC VERTEBRAE (Human Osteology)

Typical T2-R8 (T Coetzee) Body Vertebral foramina Heart shaped Demi-facets for heads of the ribs Superior costal facet-for lower facet of head of same no rib Inferior costal facet-for upper facet of head of succeeding rib Vertebral foramina Are the smallest in entire v/c

Typical Pedicles Inferior vertebral notch Laminae Spinous processes Flattened from side to side Inferior vertebral notch Deeper than superior notch Laminae Short, broad, imbricated (overlap) Spinous processes Long, slopes inferiorly

Typical Transverse processes Rounded extremities Ant=small round costal facet for tubercle of same no rib Superior facet-directed posteriorly Inferior facet-directed inferiorly

Atypical T1,9,10,11,12 (T Coetzee) T1 Whole facets sup: for head of R1 Demi-facets inf: for upper facet of R2 Rest is typical T9 Typical except for: Has a large demi-facet on the upper part of its body for R9

Atypical T10,11,12 Whole facets on each side of the body & pedicles for the same no rib T10 also has a facet on its transverse process for the tubercles of R10 T11,T12 have no facets on transverse processes Have sup, inf & lateral tubercles corresponding to the mamillary, accessory transverse procecesses of the lumbar vertebrae. T11 compared to T12 T11 inferior articular process is thoracic and points inferiorly T12 inferior articular process is lumbar in appearance

LUMBAR VERTEBRAE (Human Osteology) VERTEBRAL COLUMN LUMBAR VERTEBRAE (Human Osteology)

Typical L1-4 (T Coetzee) Body Vertebral foramina Largest in v/c Kidney shaped Wider side to side Vertebral foramina Intermediate size i.e betw cx & tx

Typical Pedicles Inferior vertebral notch Laminae Spinous processes Flattened from sup to inf Inferior vertebral notch Not equal compared to thoracic Laminae Short, do not overlap Spinous processes Massive, do not overlap

Typical Transverse processes Flattened Accessory process Mamillary process

ATypical L5 (T Coetzee) Transverse process Spinous process Deeper in front coinciding with the sacral angle Characteristic feature: wide separation of the inferior articular processes to articulate with the sacrum Transverse process Short Pyramidal Spinous process Small Rounded