THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION CALVINISM TEARING DOWN THE ROMAN EMPIRE

THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION Revolution in religious thought & practice Challenged established authority & secured triumph of secular power Shaped new divisions in Christianity & changed map of Europe Contributed to centuries of violent conflict Contributed to ascendancy of individualism

What are Protestants “Protesting” Continuing crisis of the Church Growing popular dissatisfaction too much emphasis on ritual increasing secularization wealth, corruption, abuse Caricature of Pope Alexander VI

THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION Continuing crisis of the Church Early Calls for reform John Wycliffe - wanted to print Bible in vernacular so everyone could read it - He criticized the secular role the clergy played and they power they help

THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION Continuing crisis of the Church Early Calls for reform Jan Hus – promoted the ideas of Wycliffe Burnt at the Stake Jan Hus, burnt at stake Jan Hus

THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION MARTIN LUTHER (1483-1546) former monk unsatisfied with life in clergy terrified of sin JOHANNES TETZEL selling indulgences - 1517 authorized by Pope

THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION Luther nails Ninety-Five Theses to MARTIN LUTHER (1483-1546) Ninety-Five Theses (1517) condemned selling of indulgences only inner grace & faith guaranteed salvation denied papal authority over faith Luther nails Ninety-Five Theses to Wittenburg Castle, Oct. 31, 1517

set up a page in your notebook that looks like this Main Idea Thesis that support this idea condemned selling of indulgences only inner grace & faith guaranteed salvation denied papal authority over faith

A New Protestant Faith LUTHERANISM Quickly spread through Germany due to the Printing Press Led to political, economic & social upheaval Local Princes support Luther, save him from Catholic persecution rulers used it as pretense to attack neighbors Also an excuse to stop paying tithes

Lets take a moment to recap Luther’s life Joined a Monastery, taking the vows of a Catholic Monk (poverty, chastity, obedience) Rebelled against Catholic Church Receives a trial at Diet of Worms, not convicted, but not cleared Evades arrest in a Prince’s Castle Gets married, founds a new church (names it after himself, has tons of kids…..

THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION The balance: The Church v. the Bible Lutheranism- Religious Ideas Revised Christian doctrine reduced 7 sacraments to 2: baptism & communion clergy no different than rest Everyone should read the bible for themselves rejected belief in purgatory called for end of monasteries The balance: The Church v. the Bible

German Peasants’ Revolt, 1524 peasants used it as pretense to revolt against overlords led to extreme religious movements & zealotry How does Luther React to the Peasants Revolt? -

How did he react? Martin Luther condemns the peasants revolt Why 1. 2.

Puritan Presbyterian Hugeunots Christianity Catholic Eastern Orthodox Protestant Lutheran Calvinism Puritan Presbyterian Hugeunots

Puritan Presbyterian Hugeunots Christianity Catholic Eastern Orthodox Protestant Lutheran Calvinism Puritan Presbyterian Hugeunots

“May little chickens dig out your eyes 100,000 times.” John Calvin “May little chickens dig out your eyes 100,000 times.” - Calvin speaking to another reformer whose ideas he disagreed with

What do Calvinists Believe? U L I P

John Calvin Created his own Protestant religion in Switzerland Purified approach to life: No drinking, swearing, card playing, gambling etc.. Calvinists assumed that only unfailing dedication to God’s law could be seen as a sign of salvation.

Started in Switzerland – Calvinists England = Puritans CALVINISM Started in Switzerland – Calvinists England = Puritans Scotland = Presbyterians Holland = Dutch Reform France = Huguenots Germany = Reform Church

The Anabaptist- Adult baptism Much more diverse Some believe in abolition of private property Some radicals believe in attempting to CAUSE to apocalypse Most peaceful Religious toleration Separation of Church and state The Anabaptist church was destroyed but its legacy lived on in the Baptist, Mennonite, and Amish faith