Enzymes

Enzyme Active Site Amino acid side chains interact, metal ions, Various types of polar, non-polar, ionic interactions

Enzyme Active Site Amino acid side chains interact, metal ions, Various types of polar, non-polar, ionic interactions

Enzymes Lock and Key Analogy: lock = enzyme, key = substrate.

Enzymes Lock and Key Analogy: lock = enzyme, key = substrate.

Induced Fit Theory Enzyme is not rigid, changes shape with substrate.

Induced Fit Theory Enzyme is not rigid, changes shape with substrate.

Enzymes - Cofactors Coenzymes (contain a vitamin) or metal ion

Enzymes - Cofactors Metal ions present in trace amounts

Enzymes - Cofactors Metal ions present in trace amounts

Enzyme Cofactors Coenzyme - non protein organic, maybe a vitamin.

Enzyme Cofactors Coenzyme - non protein organic, maybe a vitamin.

Enzyme Cofactors Coenzyme - non protein organic, maybe a vitamin.

Enzymes

Enzymes - Activity Temperature and pH effect enzyme action

Enzymes - Activity Temperature and pH effect enzyme action

Enzymes - Activity Enzyme and substrate concentrations

Nonspecific - denaturation, pH, temperature Enzymes - Inhibitors Nonspecific - denaturation, pH, temperature

Enzyme Inhibitors Noncompetitive

Enzyme Inhibitors Competive - mimic substrate, may block active site, but may dislodge it.

Enzyme Inhibitors Competive - mimic substrate, may block active site, but may dislodge it.

Enzyme Inhibitors

Irreversible - covalently binds to active site Enzyme Inhibitors Irreversible - covalently binds to active site

Enzyme Inhibitors Regulator or feedback - used to control a sequence of reactions - reaction product may block initial enzyme.

Enzyme Inhibitors Regulator or feedback - used to control a sequence of reactions - reaction product may block initial enzyme.

Enzyme Inhibitors

Enzyme Inhibitors

Drugs as Enzyme Inhibitors Drug mimics some natural chemical to block enzyme.

Drugs as Enzyme Inhibitors Drug mimics some natural chemical to block enzyme.