iPad/iPhone for Students with Vision Impairments Lori Baños, TVI/COMS Image: IPad and iPhone

Acronyms AT DB IFSP IEP TVI COMS/OMS CVI VI Teacher of the Visually Impaired COMS/OMS Certified Orientation and Mobility Specialist CVI Cortical Vision Impairment VI Vision Impairment AT Assistive Technology DB Deafblind IFSP Individual Family Service Plan IEP Individual Education Plan

iPad basics Image: Back view of the iPad with labels for the volume, camera, sleep button, microphone, headphone jack, lightning connection port and speaker. Front view of the iPad with labels for the touch screen, camera, apps and home button.

Who? Low Vision: A visual acuity of 20/200 to 20/70 OR functional vision loss that interferes with daily activities. Cortical Vision Impairment: CVI is a decreased visual response due to a neurological problem affecting the visual part of the brain. This is a neurological impairment that affects visual access. Blind: A visual acuity of 20/200 or worse. Deafblind: A concomitant hearing and visual impairment.

Accessibility Access = Independence Apple is a company that continuously works to improve accessibility. All possible modifications can be made in Settings. General Accessibility Access = Independence More information: https://www.apple.com/accessibility/iphone/vision/

Display Zoom Magnifier Display Accommodations Speech Large text Bold Text Increase Contrast Image: Screen shot of the General Settings options on the iPad; VoiceOver, Zoom, Magnifier, Display Accommodations, Speech, Larger Text, Bold Text, Button Shapes, Increase Contrast, Reduce Motion, On/Off Labels.

Zoom Text Bold Text Large Text Zoom Zoom Filter Inverted Grayscale Inverted grayscale Low light Zoom Region Window Full screen Double tap 3 fingers to zoom in/out Drag 3 fingers to move the screen Smart Typing Zooms only the window and not the keyboard Large Text Only apps that support Dynamic Typeface will adjust to larger text size. A A A A A A Bold Text

Magnifier Use your device’s camera to magnify and take a photo. Turn on in Settings Triple click home to start Image: Man looking through magnifier.

Display Accommodations: Invert Colors Smart Invert Smart Invert Colors reverses the color of the display except for images, media and some apps that use dark color styles. Classic Invert Classic Invert Colors reverses the color of the entire display including images, media and apps.

Display Accommodations Color Filters Color filters can be used to differentiate colors by students who are color blind or have difficulty reading standard text display Grayscale Red/Green filter for reduced sensitivity to red light (Protanopia) Green/Red filter for reduced sensitivity to green light (Deuteranopia) Blue/Yellow filter for reduced sensitivity to blue light (Tritanopia) Color Tint People with deuteranomaly and protanomaly are collectively known as red-green color blind and they generally have difficulty distinguishing between reds, greens, browns and oranges. They also commonly confuse different types of blue and purple hues. People with reduced blue sensitivity have difficulty identifying differences between blue and yellow, violet and red and blue and green. To these people the world appears as generally red, pink, black, white, grey and turquoise.

Speech Speak Selection Speak Screen Voices Speaking Rate Select Text and a button will appear to speak selection Speak Screen Swipe down with 2 fingers to hear the contents Voices Language selection Male/female Dialect Speaking Rate Sliding rate between very slow and very fast Typing feedback Characters Character hints Speak Words Speaks whole words while typing Speak Auto-text Speaks auto corrections and capitalizations Hold to speak predictions Tap and hold word to hear it spoken Pronunciations Customize

VoiceOver Shortcut Key VoiceOver is a screen reader that speaks items on the screen: Tap once to select the item Single finger swipe to scroll through apps (right=down, left=up) Double Tap to activate the selected item Swipe with three fingers to scroll pages or scroll up A screen reader is a program that does exactly what it says it does; it reads the screen. You listen to a computer voice describe what is visually displayed on the screen using speech output. It reads everything. A screen reader not only tells you what is visually displayed on the iPad touch screen it also gives you information about buttons, links, text attributes, and even describes the position you are holding the iPad. Triple Click Home Shortcut key can be set to: VoiceOver Invert Colors Color Filters Zoom Switch control Assistive Touch Settings4General4Accessibility 4Accessibility Shortcut Set your shortcut key to activate VoiceOver When you have only one feature enabled, triple- clicking the Home button will automatically turn on that service or feature. Choose more than one feature, though, and you’ll get iOS to ask you which you want to enable.

Assistive Touch Use if you have difficulty touching the screen, are using an adaptive accessory, or have buttons that are no longer working. Customize menu Up to 8 icons Custom Actions Single tap Double tap Long Press Create new gesture Image: iPhone with Assistive Touch Menu visible.

Assistive Touch Turn on There are a few ways to turn on Assistive Touch: Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > Assistive Touch, then turn on Assistive Touch. Tell Siri “Turn on Assistive Touch.” Go to Settings > General > Accessibility > Accessibility Shortcut and turn on Assistive Touch. Choose where you want the button on your screen Notifications Device Lock Screen Rotate Screen Lock Rotation Volume Control More Screenshot Shake Dock Gestures Restart Multitasking Control Center Home Siri Custom

Hearing options Learning options Connect Bluetooth hearing aids or sound processors Subtitles & Captioning Mono Audio Adjust the audio volume balance between left and right Audio Descriptions Guided Access: Keeps the iPad in a single app. Passcode Time limits Options To activate, turn on Guided Access and triple click the home button while in the app. To deactivate, triple click home button and enter passcode. Hearing & Media Guided Access

Switch Control Allows you to use your iPad by sequentially highlighting items on the screen that can be activated through an adaptive accessory. Pair external switches via Bluetooth Use full screen to scan and tap to open Use camera to enable the ability to control the iPad with head movements

Consider buying a durable kid-friendly case Image: variety of durable ipad cases

Using the iPad for vision stimulation Hold iPad within arm’s reach Place in child’s preferred viewing (see functional vision assessment) Use hand under hand to encourage child’s participation with the iPad Be a good observer rather than a distractor Watch for signs of fatigue and boredom

Using the iPad for access Pair iPad with teacher’s computer using join.me Use email, Dropbox, Google Drive, etc. to share information Use Notability or other app to edit documents on the iPad Use Read2Go to access Bookshare Use camera to take picture and enlarge image One big benefit is portability! Anyone of any age can learn how to use it

Student using the iPad for vision stimulation during indoor recess Image: Child prone on mat leaning and looking left to access ipad.

Infant with CVI using iPad for vision stimulation activities Video: Parent is holding iPad about 6 inches from child’s face. Child is intently watching the activity on the screen which is a black, white and red moving image from the app

Considerations Make time for leisure! Encourage independence Student’s arousal state Is the student available for learning? Placement of iPad Consult with your TVI about the best placement for visual access Lighting Consult with your TVI about lighting considerations: Do you need an anti-glare screen, reverse contrast, adjusted brightness, dim overhead lighting, seated away from windows, etc. Positioning of student Consult with your student’s physical therapist about the best positioning for your student to be available for learning. Make time for leisure! It’s ok to play games-everything doesn’t have to be educational Encourage independence Hand under hand guidance Wait time Durable case Environment Consult with your student’s TVI about the proper setting to utilize the iPad

Visit the App Store Join.me Onni & Ilona: Happy Animals Tap –n- See Baby World: High Contrast Peek-a-Boo Barn/Friends Mommy Saver iLove Fireworks Kiddy Fun Fluidity Babba Infant Visual Stimulation Henry Ford Health Systems Particles Sound Touch Magnifier Baby View Blind Square Infant Zoo Educreations Infant Faces Notability Rattle Calculator Sparkabilities Read 2 Go Sensory: Electra Learning Ally Sensory: iMeba Money Reader Sensory: Magma Calendar Sensory: Plazma Camera Heat Pad Baby Silencer Glow Coloring Image: App Store icon.

Let’s Practice! The apps I showed you are free but most have a paid version with more options. There are other really good apps available for between $1 and $5. Download and try some of the apps you are interested in.

Contact me anytime: lbanos@iowa-braille.k12.ia.us 319-310-7299 Thank you! Questions? Contact me anytime: lbanos@iowa-braille.k12.ia.us 319-310-7299

Resources http://www.applevis.com/ : A community- powered website for blind and low-vision users of Apple's range of Mac computers, the iPhone, iPad, iPod Touch and the Apple TV. http://www.cultofmac.com/ : Cult of Mac is a daily news website that follows everything Apple. Their goal is to provide timely news, insightful analysis, helpful how-tos and honest reviews.