The Protestant Reformation

Do Now: Identify an element of society that you feel needs to be REFORMED!

The Roman Catholic Church By 1500 the Roman Catholic Church gained power & wealth over Europe. AKA: Holy Roman Empire The Church strayed from their spiritual roots and corruption set into the many of the Churches leaders and doctrines

Causes of the Reformation Church corruption A need for reform Development of personal devotions  suspicion of clergy Greed of secular leaders  1/3 of Europe was church land Papal need for money  indulgences Printing Press Ideas for reform spread rapidly

Church Corruption: To raise money for the Church Selling Indulgences: To raise money for the Church Pardons issued by the pope that people could buy to reduce a soul’s time in purgatory Purgatory is where a soul works out its sin before going to heaven

Church Authority Only Priests could read the Bible Pope was God’s authority on earth Church had the authority to determine one’s standing in eternity

One defiant monk: Martin Luther October 31, 1517: Luther nails his 95 Theses to the Church door. Luther advocates for Church REFORMS His ideas spread: ignites a wildfire that spreads all over Europe

The Protestant Reformation Begins Luther’s Beliefs: Foundation of Protestant Faith Salvation through FAITH alone Bible should be read by everyone, no need for a priest A strong community of believers {Luther Translates the Bible into German: first time the Bible is in a modern language}

Pope Leo X v. Luther By 1520: Pope Leo X excommunicates Luther from the church. Pope Leo X of Luther: “A wild boar is loose in the Lord’s vineyard”

Spread of Protestantism by 1560

Lutheranism 3 Beliefs: Peasants loved this! 1) Faith in Jesus, not good works = salvation 2) The Bible is the final source for truth 3) Church = believers, not its clergy It doesn’t matter where you attend, its what you do! Peasants loved this! Couldn’t afford indulgences Everyone was equal under God “No peasant would work for a noble unless it should be shown us from the Gospel that we are serfs” Luther denounced the violent revolts caused.

Counter-Reformation Catholics became hostile and set out to defeat Protestantism. Wars broke out between 1520 and 1648, leaving Germanic Europe Protestant, and Latin/Roman Europe Catholic

Council of Trent Pope Paul III calls for a council to convene in the city of Trent, near Rome. Set to discuss Catholic Church reform. Catholic beliefs established Rules for Bishops and Priests behavior were set Clergy was instructed to preach faith harder Seminaries were built Pope Paul III also established the Society of Jesus (Jesuits) Pope’s “agents” in Europe Preached, taught, and fought heresy