The making of proteins for …..

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DNA Transcription & Protein Translation

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The making of proteins for ….. Protein Synthesis The making of proteins for …..

Purpose of Protein Synthesis Proteins form the structure of the body (muscles) Proteins run cell processes inside the body (enzymes) Parts of chromosomes known as genes (made of DNA) in the nucleus store instructions (the genetic code) for the production of specific proteins. These proteins are assembled from amino acids (via mRNA and tRNA) in the ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum. Which ER?

The Genetic Code This is the sequence of bases along the inside of the DNA molecule Read as a 3 letter code (Triplet) Each triplet codes for a different amino acid Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins (also known as peptide chains).

Steps of Protein Synthesis One strand of DNA (initial template inside the nucleus) A G T C Transcription triplet (Nucleus) mRNA (remember C-G but U replaces T in RNA, so A-U) Translation codon (Ribosome) anticodon tRNA and amino acids String of amino acids makes a protein. Amino acid

mRNA-Amino Acid Table