Electricity Within a Circuit Topic 2 Electricity Within a Circuit

1. When charged objects are brought close to uncharged objects, this occurs… A. separation B. attraction C. neutralization D. atomization 2. The laws of electric charges include all of the following, EXCEPT… A. opposite charges attract each other B. charged objects attract neutral objects C. similar (like) charges repel each other D. opposite charges repell each other 3. Materials can be conductors, semiconductors, superconductors, or insulators. Which of the following materials would make a good insulator? A. aluminum B. human body C. silicon D. porcelain

Electric vocabulary https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MBRTR2dlwvA

Static Current Electricity Charges are stationary Electricity occurs in 2 different forms. Static Charges are stationary e.g. Brush your hair, Wool socks in drier Current Flows around circuit e.g. turn on light, computer Lightning is static, particles in cloud bang each other build up +ve at top of cloud, -ve at bottom, -ve causes +ve on ground, centres around high object, when charges meet discharge as electricity Lightning kills over 100 each year more than tornado/ hurricane Lightning hotter than surface of sun How do you react in storm

Static Electricity Review Occurs with materials which are insulators Rubbing adds or removes electrons Object becomes charged Like objects repel, unlike attract Rubbing insulator removes or adds electrons so object is charged creates electrical force field so other objects are attracted or repelled Rub feet on carpet and touch door handle Brush hair stands up Socks stick to nylon in tumble drier Try expt charge plastic rod pick up paper, hair, bend water, balloon hair stand up, stick to wall, try against lightbulb Van der graff Video

Current Electricity Static charges do not work very well for operating electrical devices Electrical current is produced as charges move in a continuous flow An electrical current flows until it is used up or disconnected Think of it like water flowing until it is dammed or its source drives up

Electric Eels http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a3sviTa8hZw World’s deadliest: Six-Foot Electric Eel

How do we move electricity to its destination? Answer: CONDUCTORS Conductors are materials that electrical energy can move easily through.

Circuits A circuit is a path that controls the flow of electricity (just like pipes and taps in a water system control the flow of water). In most pathways, electricity flows along solid metal wires, but circuits can also include gases, other fluids, etc.

The most complex circuits are made up of FOUR basic elements Source – The source of electric energy Conductor – The wire through which current flows Load – Items along the circuit that convert electricity into other forms of energy (ex. Light bulbs, motors) Control – A switch or device that can turn the circuit or devices along it on or off.

Series circuit Has a single loop for electrons to travel round Components are connected one after another Current has to travel through all components Current is the same at all points Voltage is shared between components EXPT make buzzer game groups attempt each others

Parallel circuit Has two or more paths for electrons to flow down Current is shared between the branches Sum of the current in each branch = total current Voltage loss is the same across all components H/O drawing parallel circuits ARB H/O what wrong with circuit?

A battery describes two or more cells connected together. A single “battery” is called a cell. -D. C. AA. AAA are incorrectly called batteries – they should actually be called cells -Car batteries are correctly called batteries because they contain more than one cell.

Practice drawing some circuits