Isotopes and Average Atomic Mass

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Presentation transcript:

Isotopes and Average Atomic Mass UNIT 1 NOTES

Review: ATOM ION PROPERTIES MASS NUMBER NUMBER OF PROTONS NUMBER OF NEUTRONS NUMBER OF ELECTRONS ATOM Smallest part of an element. Overall charge is ZERO. # of protons + # of neutrons Equal to the atomic number Equal to the number of protons ION Atom with a CHARGE = has gained or lost electron(s). Overall charge = # protons - # electrons

Review: ATOM ION PROPERTIES MASS NUMBER NUMBER OF PROTONS NUMBER OF NEUTRONS NUMBER OF ELECTRONS ATOM Smallest part of an element. Overall charge is ZERO. # of protons + # of neutrons Equal to the atomic number Equal to the number of protons ION Atom with a CHARGE = has gained or lost electron(s). Overall charge = # protons - # electrons

Review: ATOM ION PROPERTIES MASS NUMBER NUMBER OF PROTONS NUMBER OF NEUTRONS NUMBER OF ELECTRONS ATOM Smallest part of an element. Overall charge is ZERO. # of protons + # of neutrons Equal to the atomic number Equal to the number of protons ION Atom with a CHARGE = has gained or lost electron(s). Overall charge = # protons - # electrons

Review: ATOM ION PROPERTIES MASS NUMBER NUMBER OF PROTONS NUMBER OF NEUTRONS NUMBER OF ELECTRONS ATOM Smallest part of an element. Overall charge is ZERO. # of protons + # of neutrons Equal to the atomic number Equal to the number of protons ION Atom with a CHARGE = has gained or lost electron(s). Overall charge = # protons - # electrons

Review: ATOM ION PROPERTIES MASS NUMBER NUMBER OF PROTONS NUMBER OF NEUTRONS NUMBER OF ELECTRONS ATOM Smallest part of an element. Overall charge is ZERO. # of protons + # of neutrons Equal to the atomic number Equal to the number of protons ION Atom with a CHARGE = has gained or lost electron(s). Overall charge = # protons - # electrons

Review: ATOM ION PROPERTIES MASS NUMBER NUMBER OF PROTONS NUMBER OF NEUTRONS NUMBER OF ELECTRONS ATOM Smallest part of an element. Overall charge is ZERO. # of protons + # of neutrons Equal to the atomic number Equal to the number of protons ION Atom with a CHARGE = has gained or lost electron(s). Overall charge = # protons - # electrons

Review: WHAT IF THE NUMBER OF NEUTRONS CHANGE? ATOM ION PROPERTIES MASS NUMBER NUMBER OF PROTONS NUMBER OF NEUTRONS NUMBER OF ELECTRONS ATOM Smallest part of an element. Overall charge is ZERO. # of protons + # of neutrons Equal to the atomic number Equal to the number of protons ION Atom with a CHARGE = has gained or lost electron(s). Overall charge = # protons - # electrons WHAT IF THE NUMBER OF NEUTRONS CHANGE?

Isotopes: Isotopes - atoms of the same element with different masses due to a different number of neutrons * Remember the number of protons (atomic number) always stays the same!

IDENTICAL TWINS = SAME IDENTITY Isotopes: IDENTICAL TWINS = SAME IDENTITY

IDENTICAL TWINS = SAME IDENTITY Isotopes: IDENTICAL TWINS = SAME IDENTITY DIFFERENT MASSES

Isotopes: IDENTICAL TWINS = SAME IDENTITY SAME NUMBER OF PROTONS DIFFERENT MASS # (DIFFERENT NUMBER OF NEUTRONS) DIFFERENT MASSES

Isotopes: Isotopes - atoms of the same element with different masses due to a different number of neutrons What is the identity of this atom? How many… Protons: ____ Neutrons: ____ Electrons: ____ 3. What is the atom’s mass number? +

Isotopes: Isotopes - atoms of the same element with different masses due to a different number of neutrons What is the identity of this atom? How many… Protons: ____ Neutrons: ____ Electrons: ____ 3. What is the atom’s mass number? +

Isotopes: Isotopes - atoms of the same element with different masses due to a different number of neutrons What is the identity of this atom? How many… Protons: ____ Neutrons: ____ Electrons: ____ 3. What is the atom’s mass number? + + +

Name of compound - Mass # Isotopes: How do we represent isotopes? Name of compound - Mass #

Name of compound - Mass # Write the names for the following atoms: Isotopes: How do we represent isotopes? Name of compound - Mass # Write the names for the following atoms: + + +

C X 13 # 6 # Isotopes: How do we represent isotopes? MASS NUMBER ATOMIC SYMBOL X # 6 # ( Carbon - 13 ) ATOMIC NUMBER

ATOM ION ISO- TOPE PROPERTIES MASS NUMBER NUMBER OF PROTONS NUMBER OF NEUTRONS NUMBER OF ELECTRONS ATOM Smallest part of an element. Overall charge is ZERO. # of protons + # of neutrons Equal to the atomic number Equal to the number of protons ION Atom with a CHARGE = has gained or lost electron(s). Overall charge = # protons - # electrons ISO- TOPE Atom with a different mass number = gained or lost neutrons Mass # - # of protons

Average Atomic Mass: Average Atomic Mass (AAM) - the average of all the isotopes of a given element Takes into account the percent abundance of each isotope

Average Atomic Mass: Percent Abundance - the relative amount of an element’s isotope that exists in nature

What is would the student’s grade be in the class? Average Atomic Mass: Think about calculating your grade: Category Category Grade Percent of Grade Homework 95.9 20 % Laboratory 90.1 30 % Test 85.3 50 % What is would the student’s grade be in the class?

Average Atomic Mass: How to calculate: Multiply each isotope/atom mass (amu) by its relative abundance (in decimal form) Add all isotope masses together

Average Atomic Mass: Calculate the average atomic mass: Isotope Name Isotope Mass (amu) Percent Abundance Silicon - 28 27.98 92.10 % Silicon - 29 28.98 4.70 % Silicon - 30 29.97 3.09 %