Bloodborne Pathogens Training Press F5 to view slide show Bloodborne Pathogens Training Brandon DiCaprio Student Intern Risk/ Safety Dept.

Overview: The BBP Standard In 1990, the Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA) estimated that about 9,000 infections from bloodborne pathogens were occurring each year, and also 200 deaths. December 6, 1991- OSHA published the Occupational Exposure to Bloodborne Pathogens Standard. 29 CFR 1910.1030

What are Bloodborne Pathogens? Bloodborne Pathogens are microorganisms in the blood and other bodily fluids that can cause illness and disease in humans. These microorganisms can be transmitted through contact with blood and other potentially infectious materials (OPIM).

Some places they are found in Blood Plasma or Serum Internal Body Fluids Synovial fluid (joints) Amniotic fluid (uterine fluid) Cerebrospinal fluid (brain) Pleural fluid (lungs) Semen Vaginal Secretions Skin tissue or cell cultures Blood Serum (yellow substance) Cell Culture

Other Bodily fluids These other bodily fluids are not expected to be infectious, unless visibly contaminated with blood: Saliva Sweat Tears Urine Feces Vomit Sputum

Examples of Bloodborne Pathogen Viruses & Diseases HBV- Hepatitis B *Vaccine for HBV HCV- Hepatitis C HIV- Human Immunodeficiency Virus *HIV virus causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

How are Bloodborne Pathogens transmitted? Contact with infected blood or other potentially infectious materials Sexual contact Contact with a mucous membrane Eyes Nose Mouth Contaminated sharps or needle injuries Contact with non-intact skin Cuts Bites Wounds Contaminated needles/syringes

Who is covered by the standard? Any and all employees that are “reasonably anticipated” to face contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials (OPIM) as a result of performing their work duties.

Professions at risk

More Professions at risk

Exposure Control Plan A written plan that identifies the tasks and procedures where there is a potential for exposure to blood or other potentially infectious materials, as well as all the employees who are covered by the plan. Should be reviewed and updated annually, and whenever new or modified tasks/ procedures are introduced which affect occupational exposure. Also to reflect new or revised employee positions.

Exposure Control Plan Jameson Health System’s Exposure Control Plan is available to all employees at any time. It can be found by going onto the Jameson Intranet Portal First, double click on the Jameson Intranet Portal icon. Scroll down and click on Online Manuals Next click on the Infection Prevention and Control Plan link Click on Infection Control Plan Click on the Exposure Control Plan link found under Section 2 (2.1)

Universal (Standard) Precautions A method of infection control, treat all human blood and other bodily fluids as if they are infectious. Universal (Standard) precautions are achieved by use of personal protective equipment (PPE), which greatly reduces the risk of exposure to infectious materials.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Employer provides PPE at no cost to employee. PPE is considered appropriate only if it does not permit blood or other potentially infectious materials to pass through to or reach: employee's work clothes, street clothes and undergarments mucous membranes under normal conditions of use & for duration of time PPE will be used.

Types of Controls Engineering- Isolates and removes hazards from the workplace. Examples: Sharps disposal container, self- sheathing needles, etc. Work Practice- Reduces the likelihood of exposure by changing the way a task is performed. Examples: No hands procedure in handling contaminated sharps, a two-handed technique prohibiting recapping of needles,etc.

Hand washing Medical health care workers must wash hands at beginning and end of shift or if: Contacted with potentially infectious materials Gloves are removed Between patients Before and after touching wounds Before invasive procedures Caring for susceptible patients Hands are soiled or touch contaminated surfaces.

Housekeeping Keeping work area clean and sanitary is a necessary part of controlling worker exposure. Clean and decontaminate all work surfaces and equipment after any contact with blood or OPIMs; or at the end of the work shift.

Regulated Waste Proper handling of regulated waste is essential to prevent unnecessary exposure to blood or OPIMs. Must be handled with great care and disposed of properly in accordance with state and local laws.

Regulated Waste *NEVER put any sharps in red bags, or any other bags for that matter! Dispose of all sharps in an approved sharps disposal container.

Problems/Concerns Double red bagging (“infectious waste” or biohazard symbol) - Jameson policy states that: Infectious waste is to be placed in two red plastic bags that meet ASTM International (American Society for Testing and Materials) standards for impact and tear resistance. Untied bags - Recently there has been concerns over bags not being tied. The different types of bags include red bags, blue soiled linen, and clear trash bags.

Problems/Concerns cont. By not double red bagging, employees can be put at risk of single bags that may have holes or rips in them to break open. This will cause a potential exposure to infectious wastes. This is very important, because using double red bags will prevent dripping of blood or other potentially infectious materials from getting onto the employee.

Problems/Concerns cont. Bags not being properly tied can also lead to possible exposure by contaminated wastes or objects falling out of the bag and contacting the employee. This is also very important, because properly tying each bag will protect all employees who handle the wastes.

Exposure Incident An event in which human error or unexpected circumstances can occur resulting in a sudden needlestick injury, a splash of blood or OPIMs, or contact with contaminated blood or other potentially infectious materials (OPIM). If you are injured or if contact occurs, immediately tell your supervisor. Get medical treatment! Go to Work Health at the Jameson South Campus for testing if injured or contacted by an infectious material.

Exposure Incident Document the route of exposure and how it occurred. Identify and document the source patient and get consent from them to test their blood. The results should be made available to the exposed employee. Blood work is done on the exposed employee to check for HBV, HCV, and HIV. Continue with a post-exposure evaluation and follow up, for up to 6 months.

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