A Time of Change Chapter 23

Computer Age ENIAC—first computer in 1946 30 tons, size of small house Robert Noyce—first integrated circuit (a complete electronic circuit on a single chip of silicon) Computer Age

Computer Age Silicon Valley South of San Francisco where new companies sprang up to make products using integrated circuits.

Computers for Everyone Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs 1976 founded Apple Computer and introduced in the following year the first affordable home computer (Apple II)

Computers for Everyone Apple’s success leads others into the field 1. IBM introduces the PC (Personal Computer) 2. Apple responds in 1984 with the Macintoch (simplified operating system and icons with mouse). 3. Bill Gates starts Microsoft and in 1985 “windows” operating system is launched.

Computers for Everyone Soon computers change the workplace Telecommuting (working from home via computer)

The Rise of the Internet 1969—Defense department created a system of networked computers known as ARPANET. Allowed computers of agencies and contractors to communicate with each other This will eventually grow into the Internet (the physical network of computers connected together by phone lines, cable lines, and wireless communications).

The Rise of the Internet 1. “dot-com” economy (boom and bust) 2. Some survive and become profitable (Google, Amazon, Ebay) 3. $$ from advertising and downloads 4. Information at a click 5. Community (Blogs (web-logs), YouTube)

Clinton’s Agenda Clinton’s focus was on five major issues 1. Economy 2. Family 3. Education 4. Crime 5. Health care

Clinton’s Agenda Economy Reduce the federal deficit/lower interest rates/create more jobs Raised taxes on middle and upper income Raised taxes on gas, heating oil, and natural gas

Clinton’s Agenda Healthcare Hilary Clinton leads the charge to reform healthcare Small businesses, insurance industry opposed it It died without a vote

Clinton’s Agenda Family Up to 12 weeks per year of unpaid family leave for birth or adoption or illness of a family Member. AmeriCorps (put students to work improving low-income housing, teaching kids to read, and cleaning up the environment) volunteers earned a salary and scholarships for continued education.

Clinton’s Agenda Crime and Gun Control Endorsed new control laws (Brady bill passes—imposed a waiting period before people could buy a handgun/also required a criminal background check before selling a gun). Crime bill that built new prisons, put 100,000 new officers on the job, and banned 19 kinds of assault weapons.

Clinton’s Second Term Clinton is Impeached Why: Accused of arranging illegal loans for Whitewater Development—(Arkansas real estate company)—while we was governor of the state.

Clinton’s Second Term An independent council was appointed to investigate the president Kenneth Starr was appointed to head this investigation.

Clinton’s Second Term While all this was happening, allegations of a personal relationship between the President and a White House intern (Monica Lewinski) Evidence suggested that the president had committed perjury (lied under oath) about the relationship.

Clinton’s Second Term Starr argued that Clinton had obstructed justice, abused his power as president, and committed perjury. After that, House began impeachment hearings.

Clinton’s Second Term House passed two articles of impeachment 1. Perjury 2. Obstruction of justice House/Senate did not get enough votes to remove him from office.

Clinton’s Foreign Policy 1. Haiti Clinton orders an embargo against Haiti (due to a military overthrown of the democratic leader there). The embargo caused a severe economic crisis there and Haitian refugees flee to the U.S.

Clinton’s Foreign Policy Clinton orders an invasion of Haiti to end the crisis. American troops will land and act as peacekeepers.

Clinton’s Foreign Policy 2. Bosnia and Kosovo After the collapse of Communism, Yugoslavia fell apart. Bosnia (one of the former Yugoslav republics) erupted into a three-way civil war. Ethnic Cleansing—done by the Serbs towards Muslims

Clinton’s Foreign Policy The U.S. convinced its NATO allies that military action was necessary. NATO warplanes attacked in Bosnia and forced them to negotiate. Dayton Accords—peace plan