Warm up- copy and answer

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Presentation transcript:

Warm up- copy and answer If there is 2500 J of energy in the 1st trophic layer of this pyramid. How much energy reaches the sparrow hawk? What type of pyramid is Pyramid B? How is it that the 1st trophic level is smaller than the other layers?

Species Interactions

What Shapes an Ecosystem? Biotic (living) and abiotic (nonliving ) factors. Habitat- Area in which an organism lives. Niche Species interactions

What is a Niche? Niche- the full range of physical and biological conditions in which an organism lives. The way the organism uses those conditions.

What is a niche? Includes: Physical conditions in which the organism lives. Habitat. Temperature ranges. Position in food web. Food choices Reproductive strategy

Species Interactions Interactions between populations within a community can greatly affect an ecosystem. Symbiosis Predation Competition Inhibition

Symbiosis When two species live together: Mutualism Parasitism Commensalism

Symbiosis Mutualism- two species provide resources or services to each other Both benefit.

Symbiosis Mutualism- benefit usually in –nutrition, transportation, protection Acacia Ant Clown Fish- Anemone

Symbiosis Parasitism- One organism feeds on another Benefits parasite Harms host Tapeworm Roundworm Heartworm

Commensalism One species benefits from another Enhances fitness of one species No effect on other species Epiphyte

Predation Predation- one species feeds on another Carnivores- kill and eat one prey Herbivores- remove and eats parts of many prey, rarely lethal Parasites- consume nutrients from one prey, rarely lethal

Competition Competition- two species require the same limited resource in an environment. Can harm one or both species

Competition Interspecific competition- between members of different species Intraspecific competition- between members of the same species

Competition Competitive exclusion principle- If two species occupy the same niche, the stronger competitor will eliminate the competitor. Weaker competitor leaves niche or becomes extinct

Competitive exclusion

Competitive Exclusion