Warm up #7 1/25/17 1. These innovation in agriculture and industry resulted in— higher consumer costs decreased profits for investors more efficient production of goods 2. Complete the diagram above.

Industrialization & Urbanization

Causes of Industrialization War of 1812 Better transportation Large labor force Capital (money for new businesses)

Millions of immigrants came to the US through Ellis Island in the early 1800s to work in newly created factory, mining, and construction jobs related to American Urbanization and Industrialization. Usually Immigrant names were Americanized and many of the original ethnic spellings were lost in translation on Ellis Island, home to the Statue of Liberty.

Thousands of Irish immigrated to the U. S Thousands of Irish immigrated to the U.S. due to the “Potato Famine” in Ireland.

Urban areas needed to buy food and sell products. Canals allowed for trade between the Northeast’s factory items and Midwest’s crops by steam boat The Erie Canal: linked North and West Built by Irish and German immigrants Over 65,000 lost their lives digging canals from 1810-1840.

Erie Canal Built from 1808-1825

*Connects North to West Hudson R. Boston Erie Canal New York City Lake Erie Immigrants Philadelphia Many immigrants will leave industrial cities to become farmers out West Baltimore

Warm Up #8 1/26/17 1. 2.

Railroads were also built by immigrants. Linked Northern Factories to Western Farms, isolating the south

Nativism or xenophobia is fear and/or hatred of immigrants. Immigrants usually worked for less pay and were often accused of “stealing” American jobs and destroying American culture. Many distrusted the Irish because of their Catholic faith and their heavy drinking. They were shown as animalistic and as not truly “white.”

Urbanization The influx of millions of immigrants and rural Americans looking for work in the city led to slums. On average, families of 6-8 would live in a single 12 by 12 foot room in an overcrowded, run down apartments called tenements. They lacked access to safe drinking water and basic healthcare. Disease, crime, and fire were common.

Labor Struggles What does the picture represent?

Labor

Labor Struggles The Knights of Labor: first labor union who fought factory owners with strikes to improve working conditions such as: 8 hour day minimum wage safety such as fire exits sick days not being beat on the job

Child Life in the Industrial North Children started working at age 6. Orphans, immigrants, and the poor were the most abused Worked 12-16 hours a day, six days a week Earned $2-10 a week (2-13 cents per hour) 1 in 5 were killed or wounded by machines or fire on the job. Write a one page journal entry about what your life is like working in the factories. Why are you working? What would you rather be doing? Are you afraid of anything? What do you want your future to look like?

The Urban Game Keep up... Life moves fast!

Round 1: Add 1 nice house, 1 canal that is parallel to the river. Round 2: Add 5 houses. Rounds 3 & 4: Add 2 nice houses and 1 factory with smoke on the riverbank because the factory will use the water for power. Round 5: Add 5 houses, 1 church, 1 pub, 1 school, and 1 store. You may draw additional roads and bridges as needed. Round 6: Add 5 factories on the riverbank with smoke. Round 7: Add 5 tenements. Round 8: Add 1 store, 1 pub, 1 church, 1 hospital, and 2 schools.

Round 6: Add 5 factories on the riverbank with smoke. Round 7: Add 5 tenements. Round 8: Add 1 store, 1 pub, 1 church, 1 hospital, and 2 schools. Round 9: Add 2 pubs, 1 jail, and 5 more tenements. Round 10: Add 10 factories with smoke and 2 nice houses. Round 11: Add 1 coal mine and 1 cemetery and 1 railroad from your coal mines to your factories. Round 12: Add 1 jail, 2 pubs, and 1 city hall. Close (erase) 1 school. Round 13: Add 1 power plant and 20 street lights.

Round 11: Add 1 coal mine and 1 cemetery and 1 railroad from your coal mines to your factories. Round 12: Add 1 jail, 2 pubs, and 1 city hall. Close (erase) 1 school. Round 13: Add 1 power plant and 20 street lights. Round 14: Add 2 hospitals, 1 cemetery, 1 jail, and 2 more pubs. Round 15: Add one east to west Railroad across your town. Round 16: Add 20 houses, 5 tenements, 2 stores, 1 church, 5 factories with smoke, 1 pub, and 1 nice house. Round 17: Add 2 pubs, 1 cemetery, 1 jail, and 1 hospital to accommodate the victims of urban life.

Identify examples of how industrialization changed life in the US… With your partner, create a chart on the back of your city. Title it: Change Brought By Industrialization. In the left column, list all the changes you view as positive. In the right column, list the changes you view as negative. Change Brought By Indus. Positives Negatives 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Discussion: What are the benefits of Industrialization? What are the problems associated with Industrialization? What can a society do to enjoy the benefits but avoid the identified problems?

Sheet of paper See Touch Hear Smell Taste

What do you see and feel?

What do you taste, smell, and hear?

What do you smell, taste, and hear?

How do you feel and what do you see?

1 2 I’ve been up since 4 o’clock this morning. Working in a factory at the age of ___ is…. 3 4

Pollution Burning of coal and wood for steam power led to asthma and lung cancer rates estimated at 100 times that of today Raw sewage and mining runoff polluted water. The Potomac River caught on fire 5 times in the late 1800s.

Mississippi River polluted by factory waste and human excrement Mississippi River polluted by factory waste and human excrement. Notice the fallen water level from factory use.

Labor Struggles Lowell mills allowed employed girls but with a rigorous schedule and low pay.

Factory songs to rally workers