Neuron Structure

Functions of the Nervous System A Functions of the Nervous System A. Sensory – gather info from inside and outside the body B. Integrative – receive the info and decide what to do about it C. Motor – respond to the info

The Neuron Functional unit of the nervous system Draw with them, add Nodes of ranvier

Functional Classifications of Neurons A Functional Classifications of Neurons A. Sensory (afferent) neurons – carry information to the CNS B. Interneurons – in the CNS, connect sensory neurons to motor neurons C. Motor (efferent) neurons – carry impulses from the CNS

Cellular Structure of a Neuron 1 Cellular Structure of a Neuron 1. Cell Body – cytoplasm and most organelles 2. Dendrites – short, highly branched, bring in info 3. Axons – long, sends impulse away from cell body a. Axon Terminal – releases neurotransmitters (chemical signals for the next cell)

Neuroglial cells (support cells) 1 Neuroglial cells (support cells) 1. Schwann cells – around axons (PNS) a. Produce myelin - a lipoprotein that insulates axon to keep impulses in b. Nodes of Ranvier – narrow gaps in the myelin sheath

2. Astrocytes – star shaped, structural support, help carry nutrients, waste, etc., to from blood stream to neurons

3. Oligodendrocytes – form myelin in brain and spinal cord

4. Microglial cells – CNS, support, phagocytize bacteria and cell debris

5. Ependymal cells – covers and lines CNS

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qPix_X-9t7E