Unit 2 Notes: Basics, Cells & Organization

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
The Nervous System.
Advertisements

January 29, 2015 Objectives: ◦ Label the structure of a neuron ◦ Explain how the nervous system is broken up into parts ◦ Differentiate between neurons.
The Nervous System The master controlling and communicating system of the body Method of communication? Electrical impulses.
Functions of the Nervous System Functions of the Nervous System  Sensory input – gathering information  To monitor changes occurring inside and outside.
The Nervous System Part 1 “Organization of the Nervous System”
Chapter 7 The Nervous System. Functions of the Nervous System 1. Sensory input – gathering information  monitor changes inside and outside the body 
The Nervous System. Functions of the Nervous System Receive Sensory Input Integrate Information (Immediate response, ignore it, store in memory) Control.
Introduction to Nervous System. Composition of Nervous System Two main divisions Two main divisions 1) Central Nervous system (CNS) brain and spinal chord.
Unit 2 Notes: Nervous System Basics Tuesday
Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Slides 7.1 – 7.22 Seventh Edition Elaine.
The Nervous System maintains homeostasis and responds to stimuli faster than any other system! Part A. Organization Part B. Neural Tissue Chapter 12 Organization.
Structural Classification of the Nervous System
DR /Noha Elsayed Anatomy &Physiology CLS 221 Nervous system.
 Sensory input – gathering information ◦ To monitor changes occurring inside and outside the body ◦ Changes = stimuli  Integration ◦ To process and.
ELAINE N. MARIEB EIGHTH EDITION 7 Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings PowerPoint ® Lecture Slide Presentation by.
 Sensory input — gathering information  To monitor changes occurring inside and outside the body  Changes = stimuli  Integration  To process and.
CHAPTER 7. FUNCTIONS 1. Sensory Input- sensory receptors respond to external and internal stimuli by generating nerve impulses that travel to the brain.
Intro to the Nervous System Lesson 2. The Nervous Systems  The nervous system regulates body processes and structures to help maintain homeostasis. Its.
Chapter 8 Nervous System 5 Functions 1. Sensory function = receptors monitor external & internal body changes; providing input 5 Functions 1. Sensory function.
Unit 2: Nervous System Monday
Chapter 7 The Nervous System.
Nervous System An Introduction.
Nervous System.
October 31, 2016 Objectives: Journal: Label the structure of a neuron
Organization of the Nervous System
Nervous System.
Chapter 7 The Nervous System
Introduction to the Nervous System and Nerve Tissue
Warm-Up Name as many structures of the nervous system as you can
Nervous System part i.
Functions of the Nervous System
NERVOUS SYSTEM REVIEW.
Ch. 7a The nervous system.
The Nervous System.
ANATOMY Unit 2 Notes: Cells & Organization
Unit 3: Integration Station: The Nervous System
Chapter 7 The Nervous System
Nervous System controls the body and is the communicating system of the body.
The Nervous System.
Chapter 7 The Nervous System
Nervous System Overview of the Nervous System Neurons and Neuroglia
Nervous System An Introduction.
January 3, 2018 Objectives: Journal: Label the structure of a neuron
Ch. 12 – Nerve Cells.
Neuron Structure.
The Nervous System Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology
Nervous System.
The Nervous System.
The Nervous System.
The Nervous System.
The Nervous System.
ANATOMY Unit 2 Notes: Cells & Organization
Nervous Tissue.
Challenge Problem **Get a 7a packet from the front basket**
Chapter 7 The Nervous System
Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue
The Nervous System.
Nervous Tissue.
Friday - 3/11/16 Question of the Day Agenda In a neuron, what are the functions of dendrites and the myelin sheath? Microglial cells dispose of debris.
Chapter 10 Nervous System I
Chapter 7 The Nervous System
The Nervous System What does it mean to be “brain-dead?”
Unit 2 Notes: Neurons & Nervous System Organization
Nervous System.
Organization of the Nervous System
Chapter 7 The Nervous System
Unit VII - The Nervous System: Part 1
Overview of the Nervous System
Functions of the Nervous System
Histology of Nervous Tissue
Presentation transcript:

Unit 2 Notes: Basics, Cells & Organization

(1) Function Respond to stimuli Process information Communicate Maintain homeostasis Basic Pathway: Sensory Input  Integrate & Process  Motor Output

(2) Structure Made of: Brain Spinal cord Neurons Junctions Has a complex organization (hierarchy) of sensory and motor levels.

(3) Brain & Spine Brain divided into lobes Spinal cord = communication highway All nerves communicate through Spine Example: Paralysis

(4) Neuron Neuron = Nerve Cell Types: Multipolar + Unipolar Basic Structural Components: Dendrites (Incoming) Cell Body (Integrate + Process) Axon (Outgoing) Myelin Sheath (Insulation + Speed) Axon Terminal (Final Destination)

(5) Unipolar Neurons Use: Afferent Input (Sensory Input) Dendrites connected to sensory organ Message sent to cell body  Out Axon Message sent out of axon terminal FOCUS: Get message to CNS Let CNS process and decide (NO need to have cell body right by dendrites)

(6) Multipolar Neurons Use: Efferent Output (Motor Output) Multi = Lots of extensions coming from cell body Cell body directly connected to dendrites Dendrites coming from CNS / Efferent path  effected organ FOCUS: Organize messages by importance Make organs do things (Important to have cell body right next to dendrites)

(7) Neuroglia Function: Support, insulate and protect neurons. Types: Cannot transmit nerve impulses Can continuously divide through mitosis Types: Astrocytes Microglia Ependymal Oligodendrocytes Schwann Cells & Satellite Cells

(8) Astrocytes Star-Shaped glia cells Connect neurons to capilaries Transfer blood-nutrients to neurons (and neuron waste to blood)

(9) Microglia Spider-Shaped glia cell Phagocytize neuron debris and infectious agents. Phagocytize??  Eat or Engulf

(10) Ependymal Cells Pillow-Shaped cells Line brain and spinal cord cavities Beat cilia + Circulate cerebrospinal fluid Provide Shock Absorption

(11) Oligodendrocytes Flat, Straw-Shaped cells Wrap around a neuron’s axon Fatty insulation for axon (myelin sheath)

(12) Schwann & Satellite Cells Schwann Cell: Form Myelin Sheath around axons Cover Oligodendrocytes Satellite Cell: Protective Cushioning Surround Cell body of neurons

(13) Junctions Junction = Meeting of Neuron + Neuron or Neuron + Organ A.K.A.  Synapse, Synaptic Cleft Nerve Impulse  Axon  Axon Terminal  Release Neurotransmitter Neurotransmitter = Chemical Message Causes an effect Binds with cell membrane on other side

(14) Nervous System Organization CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (SENSORY / AFFERENT INPUT) PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (MOTOR / EFFERENT OUTPUT) BODY (INITIAL STIMULUS / IMBALANCE) AUTONOMIC (INVOLUNTARY) SOMATIC (VOLUNTARY) SYMPATHETIC (FIGHT / FLIGHT) PARASYMPATHETIC (REST & DIGEST)

(15) Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) Organizes messages sent TO and AWAY from the CNS. 2 Divisions: Sensory/Afferent Input Motor/Efferent Output

(16) Sensory vs. Motor SENSORY: (INPUT) MOTOR: (OUTPUT) Afferent Input (toward from body) Sends message from body part  Brain Response to initial stimulus or Imbalance MOTOR: (OUTPUT) Efferent Output (away from body) Sends message from CNS  effector organ *Effector Organ = Organ which responds Includes 2 Divisions… Autonomic Somatic

(17) Somatic vs. Autonomic Voluntary Actions (Conscious Decisions) Skeletal Muscle AUTONOMIC: Involuntary Actions (Happens w/o Thought) Includes 2 Divisions… Parasympathetic Sympathetic

(18) Parasympathetic vs. Sympathetic “Rest & Digest” Regular body functions (digestion, blinking, gas exchange, sleep, etc.) SYMPATHETIC: “Fight or Flight” Body functions ONLY during heightened emotion (change in heart rate, perspiration, change in blood flow, etc.)