“How does such a tiny brain affect Homer?”

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Peripheral Nervous System (PNC) Contains the nerves that connect all the parts of your body to the central nervous system

Cranial Nerves: PNC that stems from the brain… Spinal Nerves: PNC that stems from the Spinal Cord Cranial Nerves: PNC that stems from the brain…

Spinal Nerve Reflexes Spinal Nerves are made up of both a dorsal and ventral root. The dorsal roots carry signals into the central nervous system from sensory receptors. Ventral roots carry information from the central nervous system to muscles and glands.

Somatic nervous system voluntary responses

Autonomic = involuntary response 2 kinds of autonomic nerves:

Neuron Structure Nerve cells = Neurons Dendrites: receive information from another cell and transmit the message to the cell body Cell body: contains the nucleus, mitochondria and other organelles Axon: conducts messages away from the body

**Bundles of these neurons make up a nerve Speeds up the nerve impulse Meets a cell at a synapse Surrounds and nourishes the axon of the neuron **Bundles of these neurons make up a nerve

Basic Neuron Types Sensory Neuron: sends sensory info to the spinal cord/brain - Interneuron: Relays info from sensory to motor neuron Motor Neuron: You tell me!!

Take picture with a camera phone, print out and label Play-Doh Nerves! Take picture with a camera phone, print out and label

Structure of the Human Brain

The cerebrum is made of two cerebral hemispheres, each with 4 lobes: The cerebrum is the upper part of the brain that receives sensation and controls movement. The cerebrum is made of two cerebral hemispheres, each with 4 lobes:

Cerebral Cortex The folded outer layer is called the cerebral cortex and is made up of gray matter. Its many folds allow the brain to have a large surface area and still fit into the skull.

Cerebellum

Brain Stem

Hypothalamus Important autonomic nervous system center Helps regulate body temperature Controls water balance Regulates metabolism The pituitary gland is attached to and regulated by the hypothalamus