Chapter 28 – The Civil Rights Movement Section Notes Video The Civil Rights Movement Takes Shape Kennedy, Johnson, and Civil Rights Rights for Other Americans The Impact of Equal Rights and Justice for All Maps Freedom Rides, 1961 Images Quick Facts Elizabeth Eckford Biography: Rosa Parks Martin Luther King Jr. Lyndon Johnson and Civil Rights Assessment: Women in the Labor Force The Great Society Chapter 28 Visual Summary

Kennedy, Johnson, and Civil Rights The Big Idea The civil rights movement made major advances during the presidencies of John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson. Main Ideas John F. Kennedy was elected president in 1960. Civil rights leaders continued to fight for equality. Lyndon B. Johnson became president when Kennedy was assassinated. Changes occurred in the civil rights movement in the late 1960s.

Main Idea 1: John F. Kennedy was elected president in 1960. President Kennedy Won the election of 1960 Became youngest person ever elected president First Roman Catholic to become president

New Frontier http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=050dc485-4db5-4800-9071-e3b0e6b28391&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=HUB

Main Idea 1: John F. Kennedy was elected president in 1960. New Frontier Kennedy pursued set of proposals he called the New Frontier. Higher minimum wage and tax cuts to stimulate growth New spending on military and the space program Programs to help poor and unemployed Financial help for public schools Kennedy also supported the goals of civil rights movement. Did not want to anger Republicans and Southern Democrats

Main Idea 2: Civil rights leaders continued to fight for equality. In 1960 the Supreme Court ruled that segregation of bus stations was illegal. May 1961– Congress for Racial Equality (CORE) organized Freedom Rides. Protests in which black and white bus riders traveled to segregated bus stations in South Hoped to put pressure on President Kennedy to enforce ruling Violence against riders forced end of protest

Main Idea 2: Civil rights leaders continued to fight for equality. SNCC decided to continue the Freedom Rides. Attacked by furious mob Montgomery, AL Many were jailed in Jackson, MS Kennedy then ordered the Interstate Commerce Commission to enforce strict bans on segregation in interstate bus terminals.

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Fight for Rights Birmingham, Alabama Birmingham, Alabama In 1963 Martin Luther King Jr. organized marches in Birmingham. King was jailed for marching without a permit. Talked about non violence Released and led new marches Birmingham, Alabama May 1963- 2,500 demonstrators marched. Police chief ordered attack dogs and blasted marchers with high-pressured hoses. Televised images shocked nation.

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Fight for Rights March on Washington June 1963– Kennedy announced support for a civil rights bill. African American leaders held the March on Washington to show support for the bill. August 28, 1963– Martin Luther King Jr. gave his powerful “I Have a Dream” speech before 200,000 people.

Main Idea 3: Lyndon B. Johnson became president when Kennedy was assassinated. On November 22, 1963, Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas, Texas. Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson was quickly sworn in as president. Vowed to continue Kennedy’s work Urged Congress to pass a civil rights bill

Civil Rights Legislation Civil Rights Act of 1964 Signed into law on July 2, 1964 Banned segregation in public places Outlawed discrimination in the workplace on the basis of color, gender, religion, or national origin

Civil Rights Legislation Voting Rights Act of 1965 Signed into law in August 1965 Gave federal government new powers to protect African Americans’ voting rights Within three years, more than half of all qualified African Americans in the South registered to vote.

The Great Society President Johnson won 1964 elections by a huge margin. Planned program of reforms that he called the Great Society Included Medicare and Medicaid to help senior citizens and low-income citizens afford health care Gave local schools more than $1 billion to help students with special needs Created the Department of Housing and Urban Development to help low-income families get better housing Congress quickly passed most of Johnson’s legislation.

Main Idea 4: Changes occurred in the civil rights movement in the late 1960s. Stokely Carmichael African American activist Founder of the Black Power movement Called for African American independence Believed blacks should reject integration, focusing instead on controlling their own communities

Main Idea 4: Changes occurred in the civil rights movement in the late 1960s. Malcolm X Leader of the Nation of Islam Combined ideas about African American independence with teachings of Islam Helped inspire Black Power movement Believed African Americans had right to defend themselves, using violence if necessary 1965 Broke from the Nation of Islam and was killed by three of his own members.

Black Power

Main Idea 4: Changes occurred in the civil rights movement in the late 1960s. Violence in Streets Slow progress in Civil Rights U.S. cities tensions exploded to violence LA 1965 Watts riots, 24 killed and most of Watts destroyed

Watts Riot

Main Idea 4: Changes occurred in the civil rights movement in the late 1960s. Death of Martin Luther King April 4, 1968 Martin Luther King, Jr was shot and killed in Memphis Riots in 100 American Cities broke out

Martin Luther King Jr. Assassination

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