16 November 2009 Cardiovascular Physiology Lab this week: Frog Heart Physiology Bring Textbook to lab. Test # 3 is Monday, Nov 23rd.

Mean Arterial Pressure = Cardiac Output x Total Peripheral Resistance MAP = CO x TPR MAP = (HR x SV) x TPR

Fig. 12.50 12.50.jpg

Receptors for other ligands Alpha receptors more common except in skeletal muscle arterioles which have more B2 receptors

Fig. 12.36 3 No parasympathetic innervation of arterioles! Metabolic vasodilators No parasympathetic innervation of arterioles! Importance of sympathetic “tone.” 12.36.jpg Metabolic autoregulation, flow autoregulation, myogenic autoregulation

Figure 12.02 4 Arteries = 10% of Blood Volume Veins = 60% of Blood Volume Arterioles = Resistance vessels Capillaries = 5% of Blood Volume

5 Capillaries: Continuous, discontinuous, and fenestrated capillaries: Ex: brain and liver Figure 12.38 Generate vasodilators and vasoconstrictors Arterioles: 1) Extrinsic control by hormones and nerves 2) Intrinsic (local) control by …..a) metabolic autoregulation, …..b) flow autoregulation, and …..c) myogenic autoregulation.

Diffusion, mediated transport, bulk flow 8 Diffusion, mediated transport, bulk flow

Diffusion is the most important mode of exchange of nutrients 7 Fig. 12.40 Diffusion is the most important mode of exchange of nutrients 12.40.jpg

9 Figure 12.41 Colloids Crystalloids Bulk Flow

10 Figure 12.42 Bulk Flow through aqueous channels and intracellular clefts Starling Forces Regulated by arterioles Net filtration = 4L/day Main difference in the Pulmonary circuit?

Fig. 12.43 Pc Pc 12.43.jpg Pc

Fate of 4 L/d excess filtrate 12 Figure 12.47 Fate of 4 L/d excess filtrate Liver & Bone Marrow

Figure 12.47

Physiology of support hose Who Cares? 11 Aunt Esther Physiology of support hose

Figure 12.60 Orthostatic Hypotension

Arteries are low compliance 13 Figure 12.44 Veins are Capacitance vessels (high compliance) with valves for unidirectional flow Arteries are low compliance

Fig. 12.53 MAP = CO x TPR Negative feedback control: stimulus, receptors, afferent pathway(s), integrator, efferent pathway(s), effector(s) response(s) 12.53.jpg